北京地区呼吸道感染伴发热患者78株病原菌耐药性分析

目的:了解北京地区引起呼吸道感染常见病原菌的构成及药敏特点。方法:收集该地区2010年5月～12月呼吸道感染患者送检的标本,分离培养,并进行临床常用抗生素药敏试验。结果:共分离78株病原菌,其中革兰氏阳性(G+)球菌占43.59%,革兰氏阴性(G-)杆菌占56.41%,其中非发酵菌占34.62%。15株葡萄球菌属的菌株中,凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌8株,金黄色葡萄球菌7株,其中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌4株。葡萄球菌属及肠球菌属的分离株对多种抗生素耐药,对利奈唑胺和万古霉素100%敏感;肠杆菌科细菌对氨苄西林有极高的耐药性,对亚胺培南和美罗培南均100%敏感。鲍曼不动杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌对多种抗生素均高度耐药;对肠杆菌科病原菌作用很好的亚胺培南和美罗培南,其敏感度也偏低(31.6%和26.3%)。结论:引起呼吸道感染的病原菌以G-杆菌为主,菌株多重耐药现象严重,所以临床要合理使用抗生素,防止耐药菌株的感染暴发。

Antibiotic resistance of 78 pathogenic isolates of respiratory infection patients with fever in Beijing

Objective:To know the profile of pathogens from respiratory infection patients in Beijing and to investigate their antibiotic resistance.Methods:Samples of respiratory infection patients with fever in Beijing from May 2010 to December 2010 were collected and the pathogens were isolated and identified and susceptibility testing of antibiotics commonly used in clinical were carried out.Results:Seventy-eight isolates were detected among which 34 were Gram positive coccus,44 were Gram negative bacillus among which 27 were non-fermentative bacteria.Of the 15 Staphylococcus isolates,8 were coagulase negative Staphylococcus,7 were S.aureus among which 4 were methicillin-resistant S.aureus.Staphylococcus and Enterococcus isolates which resistant to several antibiotics,whereas these remain 100% susceptible to linezolid and vancomycin.Enterobacteriaceae isolates were 100% susceptible to imipenem and meropenem and highly resistant to ampicillin.A.baumannii and P.aeruginosa were highly resistant to several antibiotics.Their susceptibility to imipenem and meropenem were only 31.6% and 26.3%.Conclusion:Gram negative bacillus hold the majority of the isolates from respiratory infection patients in this hospital and multidrug resistance is of highly severity among the pathogens isolated,so rational administration of antibiotics is needed.