经皮肾穿刺取石术治疗嵌顿性输尿管上段结石的临床特点分析

目的分析经皮肾穿刺取石术治疗嵌顿性输尿管上段结石的临床应用与疗效。方法收集嵌顿性输尿管上段结石患者211例，随机分成两组，对照组（81例）采用后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石术，研究组（130例）采用经皮肾穿刺取石术，术后评价与比较两组患者结石清除率、手术成功率、手术时间、术后住院时间以及相关并发症的发生率。结果对照组与研究组的手术时间、术后住院时间相比较具有统计学差异（P〈0．05）；而两组问的手术成功率、结石清除率以及相关并发症的发生率无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。结论经皮肾穿刺取石术在确保较高的手术成功率、结石清除率以及较低的相关并发症发生率的基础上，具有手术时间短、术后恢复快、手术操作简单易行等优点，可以作为嵌顿性输尿管上段结石治疗的重要手段。

Analysis on clinical characteristics of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy for impacted upper ureteral calculus

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and efficacy of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy for impacted upper ureteral calculus. Methods Two hundred and eleven patients with impacted upper ureteral calculus were randomly divided into control group （ n = 81 ） and study group （n = 130）. The former received retroperitoneoacopic ureterolithotomy and the latter received percutaneous nephrolithotripsy. The curative rate, calculus elimination rate, operation successful rate, postoperative hospital duration, surgery time and postoperative complication rate were compared between the two groups. Results The postoperative hospital duration and surgery time were statistically different between the two groups （ P 〈 0.05 ）, but there was no significant difference in curative rate, calculus elimination rate and postoperative complication rate （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion With higher curative rate, calculus elimination rate and lower postoperative complication incidenences, percutaneous nephrolithotripsy has the advantages of fewer surgery time, quicker postoperative recovery and easier operation, therefore, it is an important therapy for impacted upper ureteral calculus.