肾蒂的解剖学观测

目的观测肾蒂的解剖结构,为肾手术的临床应用提供形态学依据,丰富体质与形态学数据。方法解剖甲醛固定的成人尸体标本66例,分离解剖肾蒂内结构,对相关结构进行观测,对数据进行统计分析。结果肾蒂长度左侧（4.70±1.31）cm,右侧（3.15±1.17）cm;肾动脉长度左侧（4.70±1.31）cm,右侧（6.22±1.44）cm;肾动脉管径左侧（0.77±0.48）cm,右侧（0.74±0.18）cm;肾静脉长度左侧（6.88±1.34）cm,右侧（3.15±1.17）cm;47侧出现副肾动脉,占35.6%;肾静脉管径左侧（1.76±0.38）cm,右侧（1.34±0.31）cm;肾静脉汇入下腔静脉角度左侧（77.9°±16.3°）,右侧（66.8°±22.9°）;肾蒂内结构的位置关系,由前向后为静脉、动脉、肾盂者占59.8%,肾动脉位于最前面占40.2%。结论肾蒂内动脉分支、静脉属支、各结构位置关系类型复杂,变异多样,临床手术中应予以充分注意。

Anatomical observation on renal pedical

Objective To observe the anatomical structure of renal pedical and to provide constitutional and morphological data for the kidney clinical operation.Methods Totally 66 cases of adult corpses were fixed and the internal structures of the renal redical were dissected,observed and statistically analyzed.Results The length of the renal pedical：（4.70±1.31）cm at left side and（3.15±1.17）cm at right side;the length of renal artery：（4.70±1.31）cm at left side and（6.22±1.44）cm at right side;the length of the renal artery calibre：（0.77±0.48）cm at left side and（0.74±0.18）cm at right side;the length of renal vein：（6.88±1.34）cm at left side and（3.15±1.17）cm at right side;the rate of vice renal artery： 47 cases（35.6%）;the renal vein calibre：（1.76±0.38）cm at left side and（1.34±0.31）cm at right side;the angle between the renal vein and inferior vena cava：（77.9°±16.3°） at left side and（66.8°±22.9°） at right side;the location of the internal structure of the renal pedical： from the front to the back,the sequence was the vein,artery and kidney（accounting for 59.8% of the cases）,from the front to the back,the kidney artery was in the front（occupying 40.2% of the cases）.Conclusion Because the location and structure of the branches of renal artery and subveins are complicated,high attention should be given in the clinical operation