祛湿化瘀方对高脂饮食诱导的大鼠肝脏脂质沉积的干预效应

目的 探讨中药祛湿化瘀方（茵陈、虎杖、田基黄、姜黄、生栀子）对高脂饮食诱导的大鼠肝脏脂质沉积的干预作用及其量效关系。方法 采用单纯高脂饮食10周诱导的大鼠脂肪肝模型。在造模第7周起, 随机分为模型组、祛湿化瘀方高剂量组、低剂量组和多烯磷脂酰胆碱对照组，灌胃给药4周。观察：（1）肝组织病理变化（HE染色、油红染色、电镜观察）；（2）肝组织甘油三酯（TG）、游离脂肪酸（FFA）含量的变化；（3）血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）活性及TG、总胆固醇（TC）含量的变化。结果 模型组肝组织出现显著的肝细胞脂肪变性及空泡样变，电镜超微结构显示模型组肝细胞胞浆大量出现中小脂滴并严重积聚，肝组织TG、FFA含量分别达正常组的 3.2、3.5倍，但血清ALT、AST、TG、TC与正常组比较，差异无统计学意义。祛湿化瘀方高、低剂量组及多烯磷脂酰胆碱组的上述病理改变显著减轻， 肝组织 TG、FFA含量显著低于模型组，其TG含量均值分别为模型组的57.55%、72.32%、71.07%，FFA含量分别为模型组的48.95%、65.67%、55.57%。其中，高剂量组降低肝组织TG含量的作用显著优于低剂量组和多烯磷脂酰胆碱组（P<0.05）。 结论 祛湿化瘀方对高脂饮食诱导的大鼠脂肪肝疗效相当显著，并呈一定的量效关系。

Effect of Qushi Huayu Decoction on High-fat Diet Induced Hepatic Lipid Deposition in Rats

Objective To explore the intervention effect of Qushi Huayu Decoction (QHD) on high-fat diet induced hepatic lipid deposition and its dose-effect relationship in rats. Methods Fatty liver model of rats were established simply by 10 weeks of high-fat diet feeding, and starting from the 7th week of modeling, they were gastric perfused respectively with saline (model group), high-dose QHD (QHDh group), low-dose QHD (QHDI group) and polyene phosphatidylcholine (PP group) for successive 4 weeks. Liver pathology by electron microscope observation with HE staining and oil red staining; contents of triglyceride (TG) and free fatty acid (FFA) in liver tissue; and serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol (TC), and TG in rats were determined. Results In the model group, the significant hepatic steatosis and vesicle changes as well as severe accumulation of middle-and micro-sized fatty drops in the hepatocyte plasma were found under electron microscope; with TG and FFA contents in liver tissue elevated to 3.2 and 3.5 multiples of those in normal group respectively, but, the difference between them in serum levels of ALT, AST, TG and TC were not significant. Above-mentioned pathological changes in the QHDh, QHDI and PP groups were all meliorated significantly with the hepatic TG decreased to 57.55%, 72.32% and 71.07%, and FFA decreased to 48.95%, 65.67%, 55.57% of those in model group respectively, especially the effect of QHDh in reducing TG was superior to that of QHDI and PP (P<0.05). Conclusion QHD shows an evident fatty liver antagonizing effect in rats induced by high-fat diet in a dose-dependent manner.