深圳市外来劳务工营养与膳食调查

目的了解深圳市外来劳务工膳食结构和营养状况,为开展营养教育和营养改善工作提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法抽取工业区集体食堂14所、830名劳务工进行膳食调查;用记账法获得每个集体食堂的调味品的消费量,连续3d 24h回顾法获得每个调查对象各类食物的进食量,与推荐摄入量（Recommended nutrientintakes,RNIs）、2002年广东省居民膳食调查结果进行比较,评价深圳市劳务工的膳食营养状况。结果每标准人日摄入畜禽类、食用油、食盐分别为124.0g、28.1g、7.8g,均高于推荐食物摄入量;水果、鱼虾类、奶类摄入量分别为39.3g、17.4g、23.2g,低于推荐食物摄入量。每标准人日摄入能量2 566.0kcal,占RNIs的107.0%;蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物的摄入量分别为75.8g、73.3g、389.0g,提供能量的比例分别为12.0%、26.3%、61.8%。维生素A、硫胺素、核黄素、维生素B6、叶酸和维生素C摄入量分别为514.0μgRE、0.9mg、0.8mg、0.3mg、60.6μg、85.9mg,分别仅占RNIs的64.3%、64.3%、57.1%、25.0%、15.2%、85.9%。钙、镁和锌摄入量分别为418.0mg、315.0mg、12.2mg,分别仅占RNIs的52.3%、90.0%、81.3%。结论深圳市外来劳务工人员膳食结构不尽合理。需加强合理营养、平衡膳食的宣传教育,防止营养相关慢性病发病率持续上升。

Study on nutrition and dietary survey of immigrant contract workers in Shenzhen city

Objective To understand the dietary pattern and nutritional status of immigrant labor workers in Shenzhen,and to provide scientific evidence for nutrition improvement.Methods Totally 830 contract workers in 14 industrial park canteens were surveyed by using stratified random sampling method.The industrial park canteen condiments data were collected by accounting method,and individual intakes were collected by 24-hour recalls.Recommended nutrient intakes（RNIs）,the results of dietary survey of residents in Guangdong in 2002 were compared in order to evaluate the dietary and nutrition status of immigrant contract workers in Shenzhen.Results The average daily intakes of meat,oil and salt ofthe immigrant contract workers in Shenzhen were 124.0g,28.1g and 7.8g respectively,higher than the RNIs;those of fruits,fish and shrimp,and dairy foods were 39.3g,17.4g and 23.2g respectively,less than the RNIs.The average daily energy intake was 2 566.0 kcal,accounting for 107.0% of the RNIs.The intakes of protein,fat and carbohydrate were 75.8g,73.3g and 389.0g and providing 12.0%,26.3% and 61.8% of energy respectively.The average intakes of vitamin A,thiamine,riboflavin,vitamin B6,folic acid,ascorbic and acid were 514.0μgRE,0.9mg,0.8mg,0.3mg,60.6μg,85.9mg,accounting for 64.3%,64.3%,57.1%,25.0% and 85.9% of the RNIs respectively.The average intakes of calcium,magnesium,and zinc were 418.0mg,315.0mg,12.2mg,accounting for 52.3%,90.0% and 81.3% of the RNIs respectively.Conclusions The dietary structure of immigrant contract workers in Shenzhen is unbalanced.It is necessary to strengthen the propaganda and education of rational nutrition and balanced diet to prevent nutrition-related diseases.