高原低氧对大鼠下丘脑谷氨酸、天门冬氨酸和NOS的影响

目的:观察高原低氧大鼠下丘脑谷氨酸(Glu)、天门冬氨酸(Asp)和一氧化氮合酶(NOS)的变化。方法:应用氨基酸测定和NADPH-d组化法,检测高原低氧模型大鼠下丘脑Glu、Asp含量和NADPH-d阳性神经元的数量。结果:高原低氧大鼠下丘脑Glu、Asp含量明显增多,室旁核、视上核可见密集深染的NADPH-d阳性神经元;用NMDA受体拮抗剂氯氨酮(Ketamine)和AP-V对高原低氧大鼠进行预处理后置于低压氧舱,观察到大鼠下丘脑室旁核、视上核NADPH-d阳性神经元数明显少于相应时间的高原低氧组(P＜0.01)。结论:NMDA受体可能参与了高原低氧引起的下丘脑NOS的表达。

Effect of altitude hypoxia on glutamate, aspartate and NOS in the rat hypothalamus

AIM: To investigate the effects of external counterpulsation (ECP) on nitric oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and the expression of NOS gene in myocardial infarction canines. METHODS: Nineteen healthy dogs were randomly divided into three groups ie. controls, ischemia group, ischemia and ECP group. Serum NO concentrations and myocardium NO levels and NOS specific activity were determined by modified nitrate reductase method. The protein synthesis of sub-type NOS including inducible NOS (iNOS) and endothelial NOS (eNOS) of myocardial tissue were also determined by immunohistochemical method. The constitutive NOS (cNOS) mRNA was measured via in situ hybridization. RESULTS: 120 and 180 minutes after the ligating of LAD, serum NO concentration in ECP groups were higher than those in ischemic groups (P＜0.05). The NO levels and NOS specific activity in myocardium of ischemic dogs were lower than those in controls and ECP group (P＜0.05). Protein synthesis of iNOS increased and that of eNOS decreased in ischemic myocardium. But ECP could control the protein synthesis of iNOS, and increase that of eNOS. Further studies showed that the expression of cNOS mRNA decreased in ischemic myocardial tissue, ECP might promote the expression of it and regulate NOS in the gene level. CONCLUSION: The results suggested that it was one of the most important mechanisms through raising the NO levels to protect ischemic myocardium in ECP.