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Surgical Treatment of Pacemaker Induced Left Innominate Vein Occlusion Using a Spiral Vein Graft
Authors:TAKEHIRO INOUE  MASAKI OTAKI  SUSUMU NAKAMOTO  ZHINEI ZANG  HIDETAKA OKU
Affiliation:Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan. rtc-ryo@med.kindai.ac.jp
Abstract:Superior vena cava syndrome due to transvenous pacing leads is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening complication. This case involves a 54-year-old man who developed left innominate vein occlusion due to a pacemaker lead. This complication induced a progressive swelling on the left side of his face, neck, arm, and upper chest. The left innominate vein occlusion was surgically treated using a composite spiral saphenous vein graft. Postoperatively, the patient has received anticoagulation therapy with warfarin to prevent thrombosis and, thereby, the long-term patency of the graft. He has undergone follow-up on a regular outpatient basis without showing any recurrence of clinical symptoms.
Keywords:spiral graft    pacemaker    left innominate vein    superior vena cava syndrome
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