心脏介入治疗围术期肺栓塞患者的特征分析

目的：探讨心脏介入围术期肺栓塞患者的临床特征。方法：回顾分析2010年1月-2012年3月35例心脏介入手术围术期肺栓塞患者的临床资料。结果：35例患者中年龄≥70岁者23例（65．7G），卧床时间超过24h者27例（77．1％）。临床表现以呼吸急促及胸闷最多见（82．9％），其次为胸痛、咳嗽和心悸。实验室检查结果显示，D2聚体阳性者29例（82．9％），低氧血症26例（74．3％）。超声心动图检查提示，右心室扩大和肺动脉高压者分别为21例（60．0%）和18例（51．4%）。结论：心脏介入围术期肺栓塞多见于高龄患者；临床症状主要表现为胸闷与气急；结合临床特征与实验室检查结果有助于肺栓塞的诊断。

Clinical Characteristics of Pulmonary Embolism in the Perioperative Period of Cardiac Intervention

Objective：To investigate the clinical characteristics of pulmonary embolism in the perioperative period of cardiac intervention. Methods：The clinical data of 35 hospitalized patients with pulmonary embolism in the perioperative period of cardiac intervention from January 2010 to March 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. Results.. Among the 35 patients, 23（65. 7%） were older than 70, 27（77.1 %） had stayed in bed for at least 24h. Chest distress occurred in 29 （82.9%） cases, and the other symptoms were breathlessness, chest pain, cough and palpitation. D2 dimer was found in 29（82.9 %） patients and hypoxia was found in 26（74.3 %） cases. The echocardiography showed that 21 （60.0%） patients had right ventricular enlargement and 18 （51.4%） patients had pulmonary hypertension. Conclusion： Pulmonary embolism in the perioperative period of cardiac intervention mostly occurred in elderly patients. The major clinical symptom was chest distress. The combination of clinical features and laboratory findings contribute to the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.