Long-term outcome after extensive intestinal resection for chronic radiation enteritis

IntroductionManagement of chronic radiation enteritis is often controversial, particularly due to the risk of short bowel syndrome.MethodsOne hundred and seven chronic radiation enteritis patients with short bowel syndrome were studied retrospectively between 1980 and 2009. Survival and home parenteral nutrition dependence rates were evaluated with univariate and multivariate analysis.ResultsThe survival probabilities were 93%, 67% and 44.5% at 1, 5 and 10 years, respectively. On multivariate analysis, survival was significantly decreased with residual neoplastic disease (HR = 0.21 [0.11–0.38], p < 0.001), an American Society of Anesthesiologists score >3 (HR = 0.38 [0.20–0.73], p = 0.004) and an age of chronic radiation enteritis diagnosis >60 years (HR = 0.45 [0.22–0.89], p = 0.02). The actuarial home parenteral nutrition dependence probabilities were 66%, 55% and 43% at 1, 2 and 3 years, respectively. On multivariate analysis, this dependence was significantly decreased when there was a residual small bowel length >100 cm (HR = 0.35 [0.18–0.68], p = 0.002), adaptive hyperphagia (HR = 0.39 [0.17–0.87], p = 0.02) and the absence of a definitive stoma (HR = 0.48 [0.27–0.84], p = 0.01).ConclusionThe survival of patients with diffuse chronic radiation enteritis after extensive intestinal resection was good and was mainly influenced by underlying comorbidities. Almost two-thirds of patients were able to be weaned off home parenteral nutrition.