人附睾蛋白4在妇科恶性肿瘤中的研究进展

人附睾蛋白4(HE4)主要分布于生殖系统上皮,如附睾、曲细精管、输精管上皮、输卵管上皮和子宫内膜,此外,在呼吸道上皮(如气管中)也有表达。HE4对卵巢癌、子宫内膜癌的早期诊断和监测具有重要价值。HE4在卵巢癌组织中表达比正常卵巢组织明显升高,HE4诊断早期卵巢癌的敏感度高于CA125,而且特异度较高。90%的子宫内膜癌组织中HE4是阳性,HE4对子宫内膜癌的诊断敏感度也较CA125高。HE4可以作为卵巢癌和子宫内膜癌早期诊断的血清标志物。

The Progress of Human Epididymis Gene Product 4 in Gynecology Malignant Tumor

Human epididymis protein 4(HE4)was initially identified in the epithelium of distal epididymis and originally predicted to be a protease inhibitor involved in sperm maturation.HE4 was expressed most highly in epididymis and the female reproductive tract(fallopian tube,endometrium,and endocervix).HE4 expression was also present in the respiratory epithelium,especially in the trachea.HE4 has important clinical value in the diagnosis and monitoring of carcinoma of ovary and endometrium.HE4 is overexpressed in ovarian carcinoma than normal ovary.Recent studies have shown that HE4 protein levels are elevated in serum of patients with ovarian tumors,with a high sensitivity to CA125 and specificity for malignant tumors as compared to benign diseases.Nearly 90% of endometrial carcinomas,of endometrioid type,are positive for HE4.The elevated HE4 protein level in serum from patients with endometrial carcinoma has a high sensitivity to CA125.HE4 can be a tumor marker of ovarian and endometrial carcinoma.