三种亚型注意缺陷多动障碍儿童智力结构特征的分析

目的探讨三种亚型注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童智力结构特征的差异。方法根据美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版对185例ADHD儿童进行诊断和临床分型,其中注意缺陷为主型65例,多动-冲动为主型8例,混合型112例。对3组患儿均使用韦氏儿童智力量表进行智力测试,并分析比较3组言语智商(VIQ)、操作智商(PIQ)、总智商(FIQ)以及10项测验结果。结果注意缺陷为主型PIQ显著低于混合型(P<0.05),3种亚型组间FIQ和VIQ比较差异无显著性(P>0.05);注意缺陷为主型填图测验结果显著低于混合型和多动-冲动型(P<0.05)。结论注意缺陷为主型ADHD与另两种亚型有不同的智力结构,注意缺陷为主型以右半球脑功能缺陷为主。

Study on intelligence structure of children with three ADHD subtypes

Objective To explore the characteristics of intelligence structure in children with 3 subtypes of attention-deficit /hyperactivity disorder（ADHD）.Methods One hundred and eighty five children were diagnosed and classified according to DSM-IV into three subtypes： predominantly inattentive subtype of ADHD（ADHD-I,n=65）,predominantly hyperactive impulsive subtype of ADHD（ADHD-HI,n=8）,and combined subtype of ADHD（ADHD-C,n=112）.The intelligence of these 185 children had been tested according to Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children（Chinese Edition）（C-WISC）,results of VIQ,PIQ,FIQ and 10 subtests among these three groups were analyzed and compared.Results PIQ of ADHD-I group was lower than that of ADHD-C group（P0.05）.There was no significant difference in VIQ and FIQ among children of these three subtypes（P0.05）.The subtests of picture filling in ADHD-I group was lower than that of ADHD-C and ADHD-HI groups（P0.05）.Conclusion The intelligence structure of children with ADHD-I may be different from that of other two subtypes,they have right hemisphere dominated brain dysfunction.