胎儿直肠黏膜下层微血管构筑的研究

目的研究胎儿直肠黏膜下层器官内微血管的分布特点。为临床直肠相关疾病病机的分析及术式改进提供血供方面的基础资料。方法胎儿尸体20例,墨汁灌注,组织切片及组织揭层透明蒲片,光镜下观察直肠黏膜下层微血管的构筑情况,测量黏膜下层毛细血管分部密度。结果上半直肠黏膜下层微动脉多呈环状分布,下半直肠黏膜下层微血管多呈纵行的丛状分布。在上半直肠前壁及直肠颈后壁中线部位存在毛细血管"相对低密度区"。结论直肠黏膜下层的微血管网、丛在整个直肠血供中起核心作用,在上半直肠前壁及直肠颈后壁中线部位存在毛细血管"相对低密度区"。

A study of the submucosal microvascular architecture of rectum in fetus

Objective To study the characters of the microvascular distribution of rectal submucosa in fetus in order to provide the basic data of blood-supply for analyzing the pathogenesis of rectal diseases and improving the type of operations. Methods After injecting ink into the arteries of 20 fetuses, making tissue sections, tearing off layers and transparenting them, the microvascular architecture of submucosa was observed and the blood capillary density of submucosa of rectum was measured under optical microscope. Results The distribution pattern of the arteries of the upper-half rectal submucosa has the character of horizontal ringlike; while that of the lower-half rectum appears mainly vertical clump. There are "relative hypocapillaries area" in the median lines of the anterior walls of the upper-half rectum and in the median lines of the posterior walls of the rectal neck. Conclusion The network of arteries and the plexus of blood capillaries of rectal submucosa play a central role in the blood supply of rectum. There are "relative hypocapillaries area" in the median lines of the anterior walls of the upper-half rectum and in the median lines of the posterior walls of the rectal neck.