骨膜原位成骨促进兔下颌骨缺损修复的研究

目的动态观察并验证骨膜在骨缺损修复过程中的作用。方法12只6个月龄新西兰大白兔随机分为去除骨膜组和保留骨膜组，每组6只，均制备下颌骨体10mm×8mm全层骨缺损，术后2周、4周、8周每组处死2只动物，标本行肉眼、X线、扫描电镜及组织学观察，计算缺损区新骨面积，两组间行独立样本t检验。结果X线、扫描电镜及组织学结果显示，第4、8周时保留骨膜组的成骨速度、新骨量及骨密度均优于去除骨膜组，第2周时两组间差异不明显。保留骨膜组后期出现少量中央成骨，去除骨膜组整个观察期间主要为边缘成骨。第2周时两组间新骨生成面积无明显差异，第4、8周时差异有统计学意义。结论保留骨膜能促进成骨，手术1个月后骨膜成骨的效果更明显。

Experimental study of periosteal osteogenesis in promoting repair of mandibular defect in rabbits

Objective To investigate the effect of the periosteum on promoting repair of mandibular defect. Methods Twelve 6-month-old female New Zealand white rabbits were divided into two groups, group A with periosteum removed and group B with periosteum preserved,with 6 rabbits in each group. A 10 mm× 8 mm defect in right mandible was created in each rabbit with precondition of preserving or removing the periosteum. At 2,4,and 8 weeks after operation,2 rabbits in each group were sacrificed and the specimen was examined by general observation, radiography, scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and histology. The data were statistically analyzed. Results The rate of osteogenesis, the newly formed bone volume and the bone mineral density were much higher in group B than in group A at 4 and 8 weeks, which showed no difference between the two groups at 2 weeks. The new bone was found in the defect center in group B and mainly in the margin in group A. The newly formed bone volume was significantly different between the two groups at 8,12 weeks,but not at 2 weeks. Conclusion Preserving the periosteum helps osteogenesis.