喉返神经在颈部的局部解剖及临床应用

目的:为避免在甲状腺手术中误伤喉返神经提供解剖学基础。方法:对45具(男30具,女15具)成人尸体的喉返神经和甲状腺下动脉进行解剖,以观测二者的解剖关系。结果:喉返神经平均横径为1.93±0.35mm。喉返神经入喉支以2～5干型的为多见,占68.9％。甲状腺下动脉的直径为2.61±0.23mm。喉返神经和甲状腺下动脉之间的关系,左右侧均有明显差异。结论:喉返神经横径平均在1.93±0.35mm之间;喉返神经在甲状腺峡平面分支的最为普遍;神经行于动脉主干之后的有48.9％,为多见;神经行于动脉前及动脉分支的例数差不多,左侧神经行于动脉之后的多见,而右侧神经行于动脉之前的多见,左右有明显差异,在临床外科颈部手术时参考。

The Regional Dissection and Clinical Application of Recurrent Leryngeal Nerve in Pars Cervicalis

For providing the anatomical basis to avoid the incidental injury of the recurrent leryngeal nerve in thyroid Operation.Methods:The relation between the inferior thyroid artery and the dissection of the recurrent leryneal nerve of the adults (male.30. Female. 15)were observed. Results:The average transverse diametre of recurrent leryngeal nerve is 1.93 + 0.35mm,The recurrent leryngeal nerve into mouth of pars laryngis is more common in 2 ~ 5dry(68.9 % ) . The diametre of inferior thyroid artery is 2.61 +0.23mm.The relation between the recurrent leryngeal nerve and the inferior thyroid artery is very different on the left side and on the right side. Conclusion: The average transverse diametre of recurrent leryngeal nerve is 1.93 + 0.35mm. The isthmus of thyroid of the recurrent leryngeal nerve is the most common.The nerve behind the trunk of the arteria is more common(48.9% ) .The number of the arteria branch and the arteria before the nerve is about the same. The left side nerve behind the arteria is more common while the right nerve before the arteria is more common and there is no obvious difference. It can also give the reference to neck operation in clinical surgeon.