梗阻性黄疸病人皮肤瘙痒特点的调查分析

[目的]了解梗阻性黄疸病人皮肤瘙痒的特点。[方法]选择2011年6月—2011年10月我科收治的梗阻性黄疸病人28例,采用问卷调查的形式了解病人皮肤瘙痒程度、部位及对生活质量的影响,护士确定皮肤干燥情况,检查病人血清总胆汁酸及直接胆红素,确定皮肤瘙痒程度与血清总胆汁酸及直接胆红素的关系。[结果]病人皮肤干燥程度为0.5分±0.7分,有不同程度的瘙痒27例。病人瘙痒程度与忍受程度、皮肤抓痕及是否需用药具有相关性(均P<0.05);病人瘙痒程度与病人睡眠、心理及日常生活呈正相关(均P<0.05);瘙痒程度与总胆汁酸及直接胆红素不相关(P>0.05)。[结论]皮肤瘙痒虽然不会威胁病人的生命,但是严重影响了病人的生活质量,护士应及时采取有效措施,提高病人的生活质量。

Survey and analysis of characteristics of skin itching in patients with obstructive jaundice

Objective:To know about the characteristics of skin itching in patients with obstructive jaundice.Methods:A total of 28 cases of patients with obstructive jaundice were selected who were treated in our department from June in 2011 to October in 2011,the questionnaire was used for knowing about the degree and position of skin itch and the influence on quality of life.The nurses determined the drying regime of skin and checked serum TBA and direct bilirubin of patients,then to determine the relationship between skin itch and serum TBA and direct bilirubin.Results:The drying regime of skin was 0.5±0.7,and there were 27 cases of patients with different degree of skin itch.The degree of pruritus was related to the toleration of patients,skin scratches,and whether they needed medication(all P<0.05).The degree of pruritus was significantly positive correlation with sleep,mental and daily life(P>0.05);The degree of pruritus had no obvious correlation with serum TBA and direct bilirubin.Conclusion:Skin itch can not threaten the patients’ life,but it has seriously impacted the patients’quality of life.Effective measures should be taken by nurses so as to enhance quality of life of patients.