青岛地区中小学生泌尿生殖道解脲脲原体及人型支原体分子流行病学调查

目的 探讨解脲脲原体（Uu）和人型支原体（Mh）在健康中小学生泌尿生殖道中的定植情况，以及Uu的分群分型状况。方法 培养法对青岛地区957名中小学生的尿沉渣进行Uu和Mh培养，培养阳性者用PCR确证，并对Uu阳性标本进一步分群分型。结果 Uu阳性46例，占4.81%，生物一群占69.57%，生物二群30.43%。小学生Uu阳性12例，占2.97%，生物一群9例（75.00%），生物二群3例（25.00%）。初中生Uu阳性8例，占3.08%：生物一群5例（62.50%），生物二群3例（37.50%）。高中生Uu阳性26例，占8.87%：生物一群18例（69.23%），生物二群8例（30.77%）。Mh阳性9例（0.94%），其中小学生Mh阳性1例，初中生Mh阳性1例，高中生Mh阳性7例。3个组Uu阳性率女生均高于男生（P < 0.05）。 结论 Uu和Mh在中小学生泌尿生殖道中存在无症状的携带状态。尽管各年龄组检出的Uu均以生物一群为主，但生物二群也占有不小的比例，提示Uu可能是健康中小学生人群正常定植菌，且女性携带率高于男性。

Molecular epidemiological study of Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis in urogenital tract of elementary and high school students in Qingdao area

Objective To detect Ureaplasma urealyticum（Uu） and Mycoplasma hominis （Mh） in urogenital tract of healthy elementary and high school students, and to determine the biovars and serotypes of Uu isolates. Methods Urine specimens were collected from 957 healthy school children, including 404 elementary school students, 260 junior high school students and 293 senior high school students, and submitted for Uu and Mh culture in selective liquid medium. The specimens positive for Uu and （or） Mh culture were subsequently subjected to PCR. The biovars and serotypes of Uu were determined. Results Uu was detected in 4.81% （46/957） of the school children. Among the 46 Uu positive specimens, 32 （69.57%） harbored Ureaplasma Parvum （biovar 1）, 14 （30.43%） Ureaplasma urealytieum （biovar 2）; 12 （2.97%） were from elementary school students, including 9 （75.00%） cases of Ureaplasma Parvum and 3 （25.00%） Ureaplasma urealytieum, 8 （3.08%） were from junior high school students, including 5 cases of Ureaplasma Parvum and 3 Ureaplasma urealytieum, 26 （8.87%） were from senior high school students, including 18 （69.23%） cases of Ureaplasma Parvum and 8（30.77%）Ureaplasma urealytieum. Mh was positive in 9 （0.94%） school students, including 1 elementary school student, 1 junior school student and 7 senior high school students. The detection rate of Uu was significantly higher in females than in males in all the 3 groups （elementary school, junior and senior high school） of students. Conclusions Mh and Uu are commensals in urogenital tract of elementary and high school students without symptoms. Ureaplasma Parvum is the predominant biovar in this population, though Ureaplasma urealytieum accounts for a significant proportion, which implies that Uu is commensal in healthy elementary and high school students, and females are more liable to be colonized than males.