微柱凝集和聚凝胺法检测不规则抗体的对比分析与研究

目的比较微柱凝集和聚凝胺法的灵敏度和重复性,为不规则抗体的检测更新方法。方法使用微柱凝集和聚凝胺法检测不规则抗体,对比观察2种方法检出的阴、阳性结果和重复检验的准确性,从而选择灵敏度高和重复性好的方法满足临床输血需要。结果从18 000例住院患者中用微柱凝集筛选出不规则抗体阳性19例,阳性率为0.105%,其中D抗体7例,E抗体5例,C抗体3例,Ec抗体3例,Ce抗体1例;用聚凝胺法检测不规则抗体,仅有阳性为2例,阳性率为0.011%,2种方法比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;重复性检验：微柱凝集（19/19）和聚凝胺（2/2）均为100%,2种方法差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论用微柱凝集检测不规则抗体能显著提高抗体的检出率,可避免漏检而降低输血反应的发生率。

The comparative analysis and research between microcolumn gel test and polybrene test in irregular antibody detection

Objective To compare the sensitivity and reproducibility of microcolumn gel test and polybrene test in irregular antibody detection and find a new method. Methods Microcolumn gel test and polybrene test were used for detecting irregular antibody, and the positive and negative results were compared and analyzed. The accuracy of repeated detection was also analyzed. The method, which was sensitive and had good reproducibility, would be applied into clinical blood transfusion. Results 19 irregular antibody positive cases were screened by microcolumn gel test among 18 000 inpatient cases, and the positive rate was 0.105%. 7 cases of them were Rh(D), 5 cases were Rh(E), 3 cases were Rh(C) , 3 cases were Rh(Ec) and 1case was Rh(Ce). However, only 2 irregular antibody positive cases were screened by polybrene test, and the positive rate was 0.011%. There were significant difference between two methods (P<0.05). Two methods both had complete reproducibility. Conclusions Microcolumn gel test can significantly increase the detection rate and decrease the false negative results of testing, which can be helpful to reduce the incidence of transfusion reaction.