不可切除胆管癌PDT治疗的进展

胆管癌是一种少见的原发性胆道恶性肿瘤,预后较差,根治性切除仅适用于少部份早期确诊的患者,大部份失去手术机会的患者采取胆道引流的姑息治疗方式治疗。胆道缓解引流是一种采用经皮或内镜插入的内镜置管术,可减轻患者骚痒、胆管炎和疼痛等症状,提高患者生活质量,但是仅有少量文献报道胆道缓解引流可提高胆管癌患者的生存时间。光动力疗法（photodynamic therapy,PDT）是一种相对新的、局部的、微创的姑息治疗方法,PDT是通过能聚集在增生组织（或肿瘤）中的光敏剂分子,是治疗不可手术切除胆管癌的标准的辅助治疗方式。

Photodynamic Therapy for Unresectable Cholangiocarcinoma

Cholangiocarcinoma(CC) is a rare primary malignancy of the biliary tract with a dismal prognosis.Curative resection applies only to a small proportion of the patients diagnosed on the early stage.Palliative biliary drainage based on percutaneous or endoscopic insertion of endoprostheses can improve quality-of-life by reducing pruritis,cholangitis and pain,but is seldom reported to extend survival time.Being relatively new,photodynamic therapy(PDT) is a local and minimally-invasive palliative strategy for unresectable CC.PDT uses a type of photosensitive molecule that accumulates in proliferating tissue such as tumors.Activation of the photosensitizer with the light of a specific wavelength will generate reactive oxygen species that leads to selective tumor-cell death.The procedures are generally well tolerated.PDT has also been reported to have a favorable outcome as an adjuvant and neo-adjuvant therapy for CC.Although accumulated data and local expertise are limited,PDT can be regarded as a standard palliative therapy for unresectable CC.