PSMA对JNK/SAPK通路的激活及对前列腺癌细胞凋亡的调控*

 目的：探讨前列腺特异性膜抗原(PSMA)是否通过c-Jun氨基末端激酶/应激激活的蛋白激酶(JNK/SAPK)通路对前列腺癌细胞凋亡进行调控。方法：利用前期研究中建立的高效阻断PSMA表达的shRNA慢病毒载体，阻断前列腺癌细胞中PSMA的表达作为实验的干扰组；同时利用构建的PSMA载体转染前列腺癌细胞，促进前列腺癌细胞中PSMA的表达作为阳性实验组；不做任何处理的细胞株作为空白组；加入JNK/SAPK抑制剂SP600125作为阴性对照。Western blotting及免疫细胞化学方法观察各组细胞p-JNK/SAPK的表达量，CCK-8法检测细胞生长情况、流式细胞术检测细胞周期及凋亡。结果：Western blotting及细胞免疫化学提示抑制PSMA表达后，p-JNK/SAPK表达水平下降；增强PSMA表达后p-JNK/SAPK表达水平上升；在SP600125作用下，3组细胞p-JNK/SAPK均处于较低水平，且彼此无明显差异。CCK-8法和流式细胞术检测细胞周期提示PSMA表达受抑制后细胞增殖能力下降，细胞S期百分比减少；增加PSMA表达，细胞增殖能力增强，S期百分比增加；在SP600125作用下，3组细胞增殖和S期百分比均处于低水平，无明显差异。在抑制PSMA表达组中，前列腺癌细胞的凋亡率明显升高；而在增强PSMA表达组，细胞凋亡率明显降低；加入SP600125后，细胞凋亡率均低于常规培养组。结论：PSMA通过上调JNK/SAPK信号通路对前列腺癌细胞的增殖、细胞周期及凋亡产生影响，但JNK/SAPK并不是唯一通路。

PSMA activates JNK/SAPK pathway and regulates apoptosis of prostate cancer cells

AIM：To investigate the effects of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) on the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) pathway and the apoptosis of prostate cancer cells. METHODS：The shRNA lentiviral vector with high efficiency was constructed in the previous study to block the PSMA expression in the prostate cancer cells as experimental interference group, while the constructed vector of PSMA was transfected into the prostate cancer cells to promote PSMA expression as positive experimental group. The control group was the cell line without any treatment. JNK/SAPK inhibitor SP600125 was used as a negative control. Western blotting and immunocytochemistry were used to observe the p-JNK/SAPK expression. The cell growth curve was determined by CCK-8 assay. The cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS：Inhibition of PSMA expression resulted in the decrease of p-JNK/SAPK expression levels, while enhancement of the PSMA expression made the increase in the expression of p-JNK/SAPK. SP600125 decreased the level of p-JNK/SAPK, and no significant difference among the 3 groups was observed. The cell proliferation and S-phase percentage decreased after the inhibition of PSMA, while the cells in the 3 groups with SP600125 treatment only had low levels of cell proliferation and percentage of S phase. The inhibition of PSMA promoted apoptosis, while in the enhanced PSMA expression group, apoptotic rate was significantly reduced. After adding SP600125, the cell apoptotic rate was lower than that in normal culture group. CONCLUSION：PSMA has an impact on the proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of prostate cancer cells by up-regulating JNK/SAPK signaling pathway, but the JNK/SAPK signaling is not the only path.