广东省首起学生输入性甲型H1N1流感疫情的流行病学分析

目的调查分析广东省首起学生输入性甲型H1N1流感疫情的流行病学特征,探讨发病特点,评估防控措施,为预防和控制甲型H1N1流感提供依据。方法采用面对面病例个案调查和现场调查,描述病例发病过程,分析病例的流行病学特征。结果该起疫情共报告两例病例,其中的指示病例为医院发热门诊送检标本检测发现,第二例病例为追踪密切接触者进行医学观察时因病例出现发热症状而发现。该起疫情为广东省首起学生赴美参赛后感染的输入性甲型H1N1流感疫情,两例病例的临床表现均较轻,发热3d,病程分别为6d和10d。共涉及91名密切接触者,失访12人,其余全部追踪到并进行医学观察。经采取严格防疫措施,该起疫情未见二代病例。结论此次疫情为赴美国参加比赛团队感染的输入性甲型H1N1流感疫情,提倡从甲型H1N1流感流行区归国人员自行医学观察,有症状及时就诊,能及早发现可疑病例,有助于防止疫情扩散。及早对可疑发热病例进行实验室检测、早诊断、早隔离、早治疗病例,加强密切接触者的隔离与管理,是控制甲型H1N1流感疫情的有效措施。

Epidemiological analysis on first imported A/H1N1 cases of students in Guangdong Province

Objective Through epidemiological survey and analysis on the first imported A/H1N1 cases of students in Guangdong Province to find out the epidemiological characteristics, evaluate and provide reference data for the strategy of prevention and control. Methods Interview and field investigation were combined to describe the whole process of the cases and to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the case. Results Two cases were reported in this epidemic situation. The first case was found by the fever clinic of the hospital. The second case was found because she had a fever as a contact person. The two cases were confirmed as the first reported A/H1N1 cases of students in Guangdong Province, while their clinical symptoms were slight and had fever for 3 days. The course of disease was 6 days and 10 days, respectively. Among 91 persons in close contact wish the patients, 12 were lost to follow up, the other 79 persons have received medical observation in time. No other new case was found after the quarantine and antisepsis were carried out. Conclusions This event was proved to be imported A/H1N1 cases of students caused by traveling to America. The measure that who came from A/H1N1 epidemic areas should undertake a 7-days housebound medical observation, it was helpful to find case ear- ly and control the event rapidly. It was effective to control and prevent A/H1N1 pervasion by the measures of enhancing management of contact persons, early testing of the suspicious fever case, early diagnosis, early treatment and early insulation.