社区女性尿失禁患者应对方式及其影响因素分析

目的了解社区女性尿失禁患者的应对方式及其影响因素,为制定有效的护理干预提供依据。方法采用尿失禁问卷简表中文版、修订版社会影响量表、女性尿失禁患者应对方式量表和一般调查表,对592例社区女性尿失禁患者进行调查。结果应对方式量表各维度条目均分分别为:治疗性应对(3.61±0.47)分,预防性应对(2.08±0.68)分,掩饰性应对(1.73±0.56)分。文化程度、既往病史、尿失禁严重程度、尿失禁对生活的影响、病耻感可解释预防性应对总变异的44.0%;年龄、尿失禁严重程度、尿失禁对生活的影响、社会隔离可解释掩饰性应对总变异的41.5%;医疗付费方式、求医经历、尿失禁对生活的影响、社会排斥、病耻感可解释治疗性应对总变异的22.6%。结论尿失禁患者较少采用治疗性应对,应对方式较消极。护理人员应根据患者的应对特点及其影响因素,给予有效的护理干预,使患者意识到尽早就医的益处,从而采取积极的应对方式,提高生活质量。

Coping Style of Community Women with Urinary Incontinence and Its Influencing Factors

Objective To investigate the coping style of community women with urinary incontinence （UI） and its influencing factors, and to provide a basis for effective nursing intervention. Methods Totally 592 women with UI were surveyed with International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Urinary Incontinence Short Form-Chinese （ICIQ-SF-Chinese）, Social Impact Scale and Coping Style Questionnaire for Women Suffering UI. Results The mean score was 3.61±0.47 for therapeutic coping style, 2.08±0.68 for preventive coping style and 1.73±0.56 for palliative coping style. Multiple regressions revealed that education background, disease history, UI severity, the impact of UI on life and disease stigma were factors affecting preventive coping style, which could explain 44.0%of the variations. Age, UI severity, the impact of UI on life and social isolation were variables relating to palliative coping style, which could explain 41.5% of the variations. Means of payment, help-seeking experience, the impact of UI on life, social rejection and disease stigma were factors relating to therapeutic coping style, which could explain 22.6% of the variations. Conclusion Women with UI tend to adopt preventive and palliative coping styles instead of therapeutic coping style. Targeted interventions should be taken based on the types and influencing factors of the coping style so as to help UI women adopt positive coping style and improve the quality of life.