唐山市2005-2011年法定传染病流行特征分析

目的了解唐山市法定传染病的流行趋势和流行特征,为制订防治策略和控制措施提供科学依据。方法对唐山市2005-2011年法定传染病疫情资料进行回顾性分析。结果 2005-2011年唐山市共报告法定传染病28种241456例,年均发病率为475.67/10万。春夏季是发病高峰;男性多于女性,发病人群主要集中在15～59岁年龄组(129 871例),占53.79%;职业以农民、散居儿童和工人为主,分别占30.23%、25.41%和12.55%。各类传染病中以血源及性传播疾病为主,占总发病数的19.34%;主要传染病为其它感染性腹泻病、乙肝、肺结核和手足口病。结论唐山市目前防治的重点传染病有其它感染性腹泻病、乙肝、肺结核和手足口病等,应根据其流行特点采取相应的防控措施,降低传染病的暴发和流行。

Epidemic characteristics analysis of notifiable diseases in Tangshan from 2005 to 2011

Objective To learn the epidemic tendency and features of notifiable diseases in Tangshan and provide scientific basis for the establishment of prevention strategies and control measures.Method Retrospectively analyze the data of notifiable disease in Tangshan from 2005 to 2011.Results 241 456 cases of 28 infectious diseases were reported during 2005～2011 in Tangshan,with an average annual incidence rate of 475.67/100 000.The summit of incidence was in spring and summer,and male patients were larger than female patient.The primary cases were in 15～59 years old(129 871 cases),accounting for 53.79%.The occupations of patients were mainly farmers,scattered children and workers,accounting for 30.23%,25.41% and 12.55%,respectively.The cases were mainly transmitted through blood and sexual intercourse,accounting for 19.34%.The major infectious diseases were infectious diarrhea,hepatitis B,tuberculosis and hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD).Conclusions The major infectious diseases were infectious diarrhea,hepatitis B,tuberculosis and HFMD.We should take corresponding prevention and control measures to reduce the outbreak and prevalence of infectious diseases according to the different epidemic characteristics.