陕县碘缺乏病防治工作中健康教育干预的效果评价

目的]评价健康教育干预在碘缺乏病（IDD）防治工作中的作用。方法]2005年3～9月．抽取陕县西张村镇，对部分小学生和家庭主妇进行IDD知识、行为的健康教育干预，干预前后进行问卷调查，并检测家庭用盐碘含量。结果]健康教育干预前后分别调查家庭主妇150人、140人，IDD知识知晓率由7．33％～65．33％提高到70．00％～89．29％（P〈0．01），具有相关健康行为者所占比例由17．33％～66．67％提高到90．71％～97．14％（P〈0．01）；干预前后分别调查小学生160人、152人，IDD知识知晓率由12．50％～76．88％提高到76．97％～91．45％（P〈0．01），具有相关健康行为者所占比例由16．88％～54．38％提高到78．29％～90．79％（（P〈0．01）。干预前后分别检测家庭用盐40份，碘含量合格率由35．00％提高到95．00％（P〈0．01）。结论]开展IDD健康教育干预对提高家庭主妇和小学生的IDD防治知识，改善相关行为有着明显效果。

Evaluation on the Effect of Health Education Intervention in the Prevention and Control of Iodine Deficiency in Shanxian County

Objective] To evaluate the effect of health education intervention in the prevention and control of iodine deficiency.Methods]Health education intervention was conducted on the knowledge and behavior of iodine deficiency for some randomly selected primary school students and housewives from Xizhang village of Shanxian,questionnaire was carried out before and after intervention,the content of table salt was tested.Results]150 and 140 housewives were investigated before and after health education,the knowledge rate of iodine deficiency increased from 7.33%-65.33% to 70.00%-89.29%(P<0.01).The persons who had related healthy behavior accounted for from 17.33%-66.67% to 90.71%-97.14% respectively(P<0.01).160 and 152 primary school students were investigated before and after intervention,the knowledge rate of iodine deficiency increased from 12.50%-76.88% to 76.97%-91.45% respectively(P<0.01).The students who had related healthy behavior accounted for from 16.88%-54.38% to 78.29%-90.79% respectively(P<0.01).40 table salt samples were tested before and after intervention,the qualified rate of the concentration of iodine increased from 35.00% to 95.00%(P<0.01).Conclusion]It was effective to carry out health education on the knowledge of iodine deficiency to improve housewives' and primary school students' knowledge on the prevention and control of iodine deficiency and related behavior.