新疆博州不同民族青壮年与老年收缩期高血压患病差异的研究

目的：探讨新疆博尔塔拉州（博州）蒙占族（蒙族）、哈萨克族（哈族）、维吾尔族（维族）、汉族单纯收缩期高血压（ISH）患病情况、相关因素的关系以及4个民族青壮年与老年收缩期高血压的病因差异。方法：采用随机整群抽样的方法对新疆博州30岁以上的蒙、哈、维、汉世居的四民族共4320人进行高血压流行病学调查。结果：（1）该地区4个民族ISH总的患病率为12．65％，青壮年ISH的患病率为6．68％，老年ISH的患病率为31．68％，4个民族间的检出率差异无统计学意义。（2）随着年龄的升高，ISH的患病率明显上升．男女间差异无统计学意义，各民族间的患病率差异无统计学意义。（3）交感神经活性强是4个民族青壮年ISH的危险因素，维族和蒙族青壮年ISH的危险因素还包括腹型肥胖。（4）高血压家族史是4个民族老年ISH的危险因素。结论：该地区老年高血压患病率非常高，青壮年和老年ISH的危险因素明显不同，遗传因素是老年ISH的主要病因；青壮年ISH与交感神经活性有关，部分民族还与腹型肥胖有关。

Prevalence for isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) and analysis on its relative factors in young-middle and old-aged Mongol, Kazak, Uygur and Han Population in Boertala Prefecture of Xinjiang

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of young-middle and old-aged Mongol,Kazak,Uygur and Han ISH in Bortala Prefecture of Xinjiang,an assessment of prevalence and relevant factors of ISH in the region.Methods: The epidemiological study was carried out in a natural population contain 4 320 individuals from Mongolians,Kazakans,Uygurs and Hans by cluster sampling.Results:(1) The total prevalence of ISH was 12.65% in all people;The prevalence of ISH was 6.68% in young-middle people The prevalence of ISH was 31.68% in the elderly.The prevalences among four ethnic groups were not different.(2) The prevalence of ISH was remarkably increased with age.The prevalence among ethnic groups and between gender were not different.(3) Logistic analysis showed that increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system was relevant factor in young-middle ISH of four ethnic groups.Apart from this,abdominal obesity was risk factor in young-middle ISH of Mongol and Uygur.(4) Family history of hypertension was risk factor in elderly ISH of four ethnic groups.Conclusion: Prevalence of ISH is very high in the region investigated.The risk factors were insignificantly different between young-middle and elderly ISH in this region.Family history of hypertension is the major risk factors in elderly ISH.Young-middle ISH is related with activity of the sympathetic nervous system and abdominal obesity in Mongol and Uygur groups.