Keyhole limpet hemocyanin potentiates standard immunotherapy for melanoma |
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Authors: | McFadden David W Riggs Dale R Jackson Barbara J Ng Alex Cunningham Cynthia |
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Institution: | Department Of Surgery, Robert C. Byrd Health Science Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-9238, USA |
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Abstract: | IntroductionOur hypothesis was that keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) would augment the effects of standard immunotherapies for melanoma including interferon-alpha (AIFN) and interleukin (IL)-2.MethodsThe HTB68 melanoma cell line was treated with KLH, AIFN, and IL-2 as single and combined agents. Cell viability, apoptotic activity, and vascular endothelial growth factor levels were all evaluated.ResultsCell growth was reduced with KLH (28%), AIFN (54%), and IL-2 (29%) (all P < .001). KLH and IL-2 combined exhibited a 47% inhibition of cell growth, whereas KLH and AIFN combined yielded a 67% reduction in cell growth (both P < .001). KLH and AIFN combined significantly increased both early (10%) and late (14%) apoptotic activity compared with controls (5% and 7%, P < .001).ConclusionsThe additive effects exhibited by the combination of KLH with AIFN or IL-2 are encouraging and support combination therapy as an effective treatment for this aggressive disease. |
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Keywords: | Melanoma Keyhole limpet hemocyanin Cytokines Growth inhibition Vascular endothelial growth factor Apoptosis |
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