超声乳化白内障吸除术后晶状体囊膜的变化

目的　观察超声乳化白内障吸除术后晶状体囊膜的变化及其对人工晶状体位置的影响 ,探讨术后晶状体前囊膜与人工晶状体光学面的最佳位置关系。方法　散大瞳孔 ,在裂隙灯显微镜下观察 12 7例 (14 1只眼 )以约 5mm直径连续环形撕囊行超声乳化白内障吸除折叠式人工晶状体植入术患者术后 3个月后晶状体前、后囊膜及人工晶状体位置的变化。结果　全部术眼晶状体前囊膜撕囊口边缘均形成白色环状Soemmering环 ,晶状体囊袋塌陷 ,前囊膜与人工晶状体光学面形成无夹持 (6 8只眼 )、部分夹持 (5 2只眼 )及完全夹持 (2 1只眼 ) 3种位置关系。其中完全夹持术眼晶状体后囊膜中央视轴区混浊的发生率 (47 6 % )明显高于无夹持术眼 (11 7% )和部分夹持术眼 (2 1 2 % ) ,差异均有显著意义 (P<0 0 5 ) ;无夹持术眼 (91 2 % )和完全夹持术眼 (81 0 % )人工晶状体正位率明显高于部分夹持术眼(42 3% ) ,差异均有非常显著意义 (P <0 0 1)。结论　超声乳化白内障吸除折叠式人工晶状体植入术后晶状体囊膜可发生不同变化 ,其中晶状体前囊膜撕囊口边缘全部位于人工晶状体光学面上 ,是保证术后晶状体后囊膜透明和人工晶状体正位的最佳位置关系。

Changes of lens capsule after phacoemulsification

Objective To observe the changes in the lens capsule after phacoemulsification and its effects on the position of intraocular lens (IOL) and to demonstrate the best position of IOL in relation to the anterior capsule. Methods The present series comprised 141 eyes in 127 patients underwent phacoemulsification and foldable lens implantation with 5 mm continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis. The changes in the lens capsule and the position of IOL with dilated pupil were observed using slit lamp microscope 3 months after the operation. Results Capsular bag shrinkage and white Soemmering ring along the margin of capsulorhexis were observed in all cases. Three different kinds of relationship between anterior capsule opening and the IOL optic surface were found, including the non-capture (68 eyes), partial-capture (52 eyes) and total-capture (21 eyes) relationships. The incidence of central posterior capsule opacification (PCO) was significantly higher in the total-capture group (47.6%) than that in the non-capture (11.7%) and partial-capture (21.2%) groups ( P <0.01). IOL in well centered position was significantly higher in the non-capture (91.2%) and total-capture (81.0%) groups than that in the partial-capture group (42.3%) ( P <0.01). Conclusion In the present study, various changes in the lens capsule were observed after phacoemulsification and foldable lens implantation. It is suggested that keeping the IOL in a non-capture position is a key point to avoid the occurrence of PCO and IOL decentration.