西安市结核病的病原学调查

目的调查西安市结核病的分枝杆菌菌种类型及其分布。方法采用抽样调查方法收集结核病患者的痰标本及其背景资料,用痰涂片、痰培养以及PCR方法检测,用鉴别培养基对分离菌株进行菌种鉴定。结果共收集574例拟诊结核病病例,实验室检测1602份痰标本。采用痰涂片、痰培养和PCR3种方法联合应用,阳性者260例,分枝杆菌检测阳性率45.30。137例分枝杆菌培养阳性者中,结核分枝杆菌复合体占73.72,其中结核分枝杆菌和牛分枝杆菌分别为67.88和5.84;11.68为非结核分枝杆菌,14.60为混合感染,其中11.68为结核分枝杆菌与牛分枝杆菌,2.92为结核分枝杆菌与非结核分枝杆菌混合感染。结论西安市结核病的致病菌复杂,包括结核分枝杆菌、牛分枝杆菌和非结核分枝杆菌,尤其是非结核分枝杆菌混合感染应予以高度重视。

Bacteriological investigation of tuberculosis in Xi'an city

To investigate bacteriological prevalenee situation and distribution of tubeculosis(TB) and to provide the basic data for TB control and prevention.The sputum samples and the background data from suspect patients with TB were collected by means of sampling epidemiological investigation in Xi'an City.The bacteria in sputum samples were detected with smear slide microcopy,culture and polymerase chain reaction(PCR),and mycobateriom strains isolated from the sputum samples were identified by the identification medium.1602 sputum samples from 574 suspect patients with TB were detected.The positive rate of mycobacterium infected was 45.30% with co-employment of the above three methods.In 137 cases with positive culture result,67.88% were infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis(M.tuberculosis),5.84% by Mycobacterium bovis(M.bovis),and 11.68% by non-tuberculosis mycobacterium(NTM).Meanwhile,14.60% were mix-infected by M.tuberculosis,NTM and M.bovis,in which 11.68% were infected by M.tuberculosis and M.bovis and 2.92% by M.tuberculosis and NTM.It is apparent that the etiological pathogens of TB in Xi'an City is rather complicated,including M.tuberculosis,M.bovis and NTM,The infection with NTM and the Mixed infetion should not be ignored.