中国儿童铅中毒危险因素的Meta分析

目的通过文献的Meta分析,探究儿童铅中毒的危险因素,为该病的防治提供依据。方法利用RevMan 4.2版软件进行Meta分析,对国内1994-2009年关于中国儿童铅中毒危险因素的病例对照研究资料进行定量综合分析。根据齐性检验结果选择固定效应模型或随机效应模型,分别计算各危险因素合并比值比OR及其95%可信区间,并考虑不同的模型对资料进行敏感性分析,采用失安全系数评估发表偏倚。结果共纳入文献6篇,累计病例2 303例,对照3 160例。儿童铅中毒危险因素的合并比值OR及其95%CI分别为：新装修居室内居住2.80（0.90-8.75）,居室距离马路距离近2.50（1.64-3.82）,被动吸烟3.29（0.70-15.59）,家庭燃煤1.97（1.65-2.36）,常食含铅食物2.93（0.91-9.48）以及常食罐头5.09（1.67-15.53）。结论本研究分析显示污染的生活环境和饮食习惯是儿童铅中毒的危险因素。

A meta analysis of the risk factors of the children lead poisoning in China

Objective To explore the risk factors of children lead poisoning by meta-analysis and provide basis for the prevention of the disease.Methods RevMan 4.2 software was used to do a meta-analysis including all the case-control studys of the risk factors for children lead poisoning in 1994-2009 in China.Fixed or random model was selected based on the heterogeneity test to calculate the combined-OR and 95% confidence interval,and sensitivity of the models was also analyzed.The publication bias was evaluated using the fail-safe number.Results 6 literatures were selected in this meta-analysis including 2 303 cases and 3 160 controls.The combined ratio of OR of different risk factors for children lead poisoning and its 95% CI were： living in newly decorated room 2.80（0.90～8.75）,bedroom near the road 2.50（1.64～3.82）,passive smoking 3.29（0.70～15.59）,using coal oven 1.97（1.65～2.36）,eating food containing lead 2.93（0.91～9.48） and eating canned food 5.09（1.67～15.53）.Conclusions The meta-analysis revealed that the living conditions,poor sanitaria and dietary habits are risk factors for lead poisoning in children.