老年突发性聋患者临床特征及治疗效果分析

目的：分析老年突发性聋患者的临床特征及治疗效果。方法回顾性分析2013年9月至2015年3月经郑州大学第一附属医院耳科确诊并治疗的66例老年单耳突发性聋患者（年龄60～83岁，老年组）的临床资料，另选择同期住院治疗的291例中青年单耳突发性聋患者（年龄19～59岁）为对照组，比较两组患者的临床特征及治疗效果。结果老年组听阈曲线为低频下降型者占1．51％，低于对照组（14．43％，P＝0．004）；高频下降型（22．73％）和全聋型（50．0％）高于对照组（分别为15．46％、39．52％）；老年组中伴随全身疾病（高血压、糖尿病等，60．61％）及对侧耳存在听力损失（57．58％）的患者所占比例较对照组（分别为17．53％、19．93％）高（ P＜0．05）。两组患者总有效率为70．03％，老年组与对照组的总有效率分别为60．61％、72．16％，差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05），老年组痊愈率仅为10．61％，明显低于对照组（29．21％）（ P＜0．05）。结论老年突聋患者多伴有高血压、糖尿病等全身疾病或者发病前患耳可能存在不同程度听力损失；突聋耳听力损失更易发生在高频或全频，治疗总有效率与中青年组相似，但痊愈率较低。

The Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Effects on Old Patients with Sudden Sensorinerural Hearing Loss

Objective To study clinical characteristics and treatment effects on old patients with sudden sen-sorinerural hearing loss .Methods To compare clinical characteristics and effects of 357 cases of unilateral SSHL from Sep ,2013 to Mar ,2015 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University .The patients were divided into 2 groups :the old group(66 cases)≥60 years ,and the control group(291 cases)<60 years .All cases were trea-ted with drugs to supply nutrition to the nerves and drugs to improve circulation and intratympanic injection of dexa-methasone .Results The genders ,ear sides ,concomitant symptoms and onset time ,degrees of hearing in 2 groups showed no significant difference (P>0 .05) ,but there were less patients with the type in low frequencies (1 .51% ) and more with the type in high frequencies (22 .73% ) and the type in total deafness (50 .0% ) than those of in the control group(14 .43% ,15 .44% ,39 .52% ) .The old group had more patients with systemic diseases (60 .61% ) and the hearing impairment of the other ear (57 .58% ,P<0 .05) .Total effective rate was 70 .03% ,which the old group and the control group were 60 .61% and 72 .16% ,respectively .The difference had no statistical significance (P>0 .05) .The old group's complete recovery rate was 10 .61% ,which was significantly lower than that in the control (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The old group has more patients with systemic diseases and the hearing impairment of the other ear .Their hearing impairment more easily occurs in the type in high frequencies and the type in total deafness . But the complete recovery rate is low ,the doctors and patients should have a reasonable expectation .