57例新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病脑电图分析

为了解新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病（ＨＩＥ）的脑电图（ＥＥＧ）特点及评价ＥＥＧ对ＨＩＥ的诊断价值，对５７例ＨＩＥ进行了ＥＥＧ检查分析，并与头颅ＣＴ检查结果进行比较。结果：５７例ＨＩＥ患儿的ＥＥＧ异常率为８４．２％（４８／５７）；其中ＥＥＧ轻度异常为６４．６％（３１／４８），重度为３５．４％（１７／４８），伴有惊厥性放电者占２５．０％（１２／４８）。ＥＥＧ异常率轻度ＨＩＥ为７３．３％（２２／３０），中度ＨＩＥ为９５．２％（２０／２１），重度ＨＩＥ的ＥＥＧ全部为重度异常（１００％），说明ＨＩＥ程度越重，ＥＥＧ异常率越高。轻度ＨＩＥ的ＥＥＧ以背景活动紊乱为主，中重度ＨＩＥ的ＥＥＧ表现为背景活动抑制及惊厥性放电。ＨＩＥ的患儿ＥＥＧ与头脑ＣＴ比较，差异无显著意义，但无创伤、经济、敏感。提示：ＥＥＧ不仅对新生儿ＨＩＥ的诊断及预后的评价具有重要意义，而且对各种原因引起的新生儿中枢神经系统功能紊乱的诊断也具有重要价值。

Electroencephalogram analysis of 57 cases of neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy

We analysed and compared electroencephalogram (EEG) findings of 57 neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) to the results of CT scan to observe the EEG features of neonatal HIE and to evaluate its diagnostic value. The EEG abnormality rate in the cases of HIE was 84.2%, of whom the EEG was slightly abnormal in 64.6% and severely abnormal in 35.4%, and 25.0% of them had seizure discharges. The EEG abnormality rates of mild, moderate and severe HIE were 73.3%, 95.2% and 100%, respectively. The results indicate that EEG abnormality rate varies with the severity of HIE. EEG findings of mild HIE were charicterized by the irregularity of background activity, whereas those of moderate and severe HIE by the suppression of background activity and seizure discharges. The non invasive, inexpensive and sensitive features of EEG suggest that it should be considered as a valuable approach to HIE monitoring.