江苏省1990～1999年汽车驾驶员潜在减寿年数分析

目的：了解汽车驾驶员的健康状况和明确20世纪90年代主要死因对江苏省汽车驾驶员“早死”之危害。方法：采用Reed-Merrell方法编制截缩简略寿命表,并应用减寿分析方法对江苏省5城市驾驶员与非驾驶员1990－1999年的死因资料进行分析。结果：驾驶员在20周岁时平均预期寿命为55．36岁,较同期对照组低0．70岁;驾驶员和非驾驶员全死因减寿率分别为35．07‰和42．65‰,而全死因标化减寿率分别为42．45‰和41．14‰。损伤与中毒在驾驶员死因构成顺位中居第4位,而在减寿率顺位排列中居首位。结论：驾驶员健康水平低于非驾驶员,尤其是进入中年后的死亡风险增加,健康水平下降,值得重视。对驾驶员“早死”危害最大的疾病是损伤和中毒。

Jiangsu province in 1990 ~ 1999 potential years car driver life lost (pyll) analysis

OBJECTIVE: To describe the health status of automobile drivers and to define their potential years of life lost (PYLL) resulting from main death causes in Jiangsu in 1990 - 1999. METHODS: The Reed-Merrell method and Makham-Gompertz equation were used to compile the abridged truncate life tables. PYLL and rate of PYLL was used to analyse death causes in 1990 - 1999. RESULTS: (1) The life expectancy of drivers at age 20 was 55.36, which was 0.70 year less than that of non-drivers. (2) Rate of PYLL was 35.07 per thousand in drivers, and 42.65 per thousand in non-drivers, and the corresponding standard rates of PYLL were 42.45 per thousand and 41.14 per thousand, respectively. (3) Damage and toxicosis ranked number 4 in terms of proportionate mortality ratio, but ranked first with the rate of PYLL. CONCLUSION: Special attention should be paid to the health status of automobile drivers, especially to those who are middle aged. Diseases that made the greatest contributions to drivers' "earlier death" were damage and toxicosis.