单联或二联抗生素治疗小儿复杂性阑尾炎的疗效分析

目的 评价单联或二联抗生素治疗小儿复杂性阑尾炎的疗效,以指导临床合理用药. 方法 回顾性分析2011年3月至2015年2月金华市中心医院小儿外科收治小儿急性阑尾炎663例,选取术中及术后病理明确复杂性阑尾炎共172例作为研究对象,根据术后选用不同抗生素方案分单联或二联抗生素(治疗组)和三联抗生素(对照组).记录患儿体温、血常规及C-反应蛋白、住院时间、术后并发症及抗生素使用时间等资料,并进行统计分析. 结果 治疗组和对照组在年龄分布、体温、白细胞及C-反应蛋白、抗生素使用时间、住院时间及术后并发症方面比较差异无统计学意义.虽然治疗组中依据脓培养结果更改抗生素例数多于对照组(7/66 比 1/106),但更改后抗生素治疗有效率两组均为100%,对临床结局无影响.术中脓液培养阳性率为72.09%(124/172),常见病原菌为大肠埃希菌(80.15%,105/131),铜绿假单胞菌(5.34%,7/131)和肺炎克雷伯菌(3.05%,4/131),两组脓液的细菌培养结果无差别.结论 单联或二联抗生素治疗小儿复杂性阑尾炎是可行的,对临床用药具有指导意义,可减少不合理的三种及以上抗生素联合治疗.

The efficacy of single or double-antibiotic regimen for the treatment of complicated appendicitis in children

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of single or double-antibiotic regimen for the treatment of complicated appendicitis in children,with the purpose to guide the rational use of antibiotics in clinic.Methods Six hundred and sixty-three patients with acute appendicitis admitted to the department of pediatric surgery in Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital between March 2011 and February 2015.One hundred and seventy-two of 663 patients with complicated appendicitis which confirmed by intra-operative macroscopic or post-operative pathological examination were eligible for the study.These patients were divided into two groups based on the regimen of their postoperative antibiotics:single or double-antibiotic regimen(treatment group,n=66);triple antibiotics regimen(control group,n=106).Demographic data,blood routine test and C-response protein(CRP),length of hospital stay,postoperative complications and duration of antibiotic treatment were recorded and statistically analyzed.Results There was no difference between the treatment group and control group with respect to age distribution,blood routine examination and CRP, length of hospital stay, duration of antibiotic treatment or postoperative complications.Although the number of patients changed of antibiotics on the basis of bacterial culture of pyogenic fluids in treatment group were more frequently than those in the control group(7/66 vs.1/106), the therapeutic effective rate of changed of antibiotics was 100% in both two groups.The culture positive rate of peritoneal fluids was 72.09% (124/172), the most common pathogens were escherichia coli(80.15%, 105/131),pseudomonas aeruginosa(5.34%,7/131)and klebsiella pneumonia (3.05%,4/131).The results of bacterial culture of peogenic fluids showed no difference in both two groups.Conclusion Children with complicated appendicitis can be managed effectively with single or double broad-spectrum antibiotics after appendectomy,and it may be beneficial to guide the rational use of antibiotics and decrease the irrational use of multi-antibiotics combination in clinic.