法洛四联症术后右室限制性生理临床转归的研究

目的 研究法洛四联症(tetralogy of Fallot,TOF)术后右室限制性生理临床转归,探讨TOF术后右室限制性生理发生的危险因素、评估指标和转归情况.方法 2011年10月至2012年5月在上海儿童医学中心行TOF根治术的80例患儿随机入选本次研究,通过床边心脏彩超明确30例患儿发生了右室限制性生理.统计患儿围手术期的临床资料,记录患儿最后一次超声随访的结果,比较患儿的右室流出道梗阻情况、肺主动脉梗阻情况、肺动脉分支狭窄情况和肺动脉反流情况.结果 右室限制性生理组患儿比非右室限制性生理组的年龄更小,体外循环时间、主动脉阻断时间、机械通气时间、重症监护时间和住院时间更长(P均<0.01).Logistic多元回归分析表明,术前年龄小(OR=0.48,P=0.01)、术中体外循环时间长(OR=1.7,P=0.04)是患儿发生右室限制性生理的危险因素.术后1周内,右室限制性生理组静脉血氧饱和度的上升和氧摄取分数的下降程度均小于非右室限制性生理组(P均<0.05).右室限制性生理组乳酸水平高于非右室限制性生理组(P=0.03).C-反应蛋白在术后2d内先上升,3~7d内下降,且右室限制性生理组下降的速度要慢于非右室限制性生理组(P=0.08).右室限制性生理组氨基末端脑钠肽(N-terminal pro-BNP,NT-proBNP)术后1周内显著升高, NT-proBNP≥4750pg/ml 提示患儿发生了右室限制性生理.中期随访结果表明两组患儿右室流出道梗阻、肺主动脉梗阻、肺动脉分支狭窄的发生率无明显差别,肺动脉反流程度也无明显差别(P均>0.05).结论 TOF术后发生右室限制性生理与手术年龄和体外循环时间相关,NT-proBNP可作为评估TOF术后患儿发生右室限制性生理的指标.术后早期右室限制性生理的发生在一定程度上会影响患儿转归,然而随访数据表明右室限制性生理对患儿中期转归无明显影响.

Clinical outcomes of tetralogy of Fallot with restrictive right ventricle physiology after repair

Objective To evaluate the risk factors,diagnostic index of the restrictive right ventricle physiology(rRV) and the impact of the mid-term outcome of the patients.Methods Eighty patients(30 in rRV group and 50 in non-rRV group) undergoing TOF repair admitted in our department from Oct 2011 to May 2012 were studied.Perioperative clinical data were collected and echo data were recorded after operation.Mixed linear regression for repeated measures was used to compare the variables and analyze the correlations.Results Patients in rRV group were younger with longer cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) time,aortic cross clamp time,ventilation time,intensive care unit and hospital stay compared with those in non-rRV group(P<0.01,respectively).The younger patients with longer CPB time had high risk of rRV by logistic regression analysis.Within 7 days post operation,the increase of saturation of venous oxygenation and decrease of oxygen extraction ration were slower in rRV group than those in non-rRV group(P<0.05,respectively).Lactate decreased in both groups,but was higher in rRV group throughout the 7 days(P=0.03).NT-proBNP was higher in rRV group throughout the 7 days than that in non-rRV group.NT-proBNP≥4750pg/ml often indicated the patients in the state of rRV.CRP slightly increased in 1-2 days post operation,and decreased thereafter,and the decrease was slower in rRV group(P=0.08).With regard to the mid-term outcome,there was no significant differences in the incidences of the obstruction of the right ventricle outflow and main pulmonary artery,the stenosis of the branch of pulmonary artery and the degree of the pulmonary valve regurgitation.Conclusion rRV is associated with significantly higher levels of NT-proBNP and CRP.The incidence of rRV correlates with age on operation and positively correlates with CPB time.NT-proBNP would be regarded as an indicator of the incidence of rRV.The study indicated the rRV would have impact on the early outcome of the patients but there was no significant effect on mid-term outcome.