海南省肿瘤相关科室护理人员健康状况及影响因素调查

目的：了解海南省二级及以上医院肿瘤相关科室护理人员自身健康状况及其影响因素，为提高护理人员的自身健康状况，规范职业防护行为提供依据。方法参考美国职业安全健康管理局(OSHA)抗肿瘤药物的使用和防护要求及国内外相关文献，自行设计护理人员健康调查问卷，于2015年11月1日开始对肿瘤相关科室1200护理人员进行问卷调查。结果①护理人员自身健康状况平均(23.27±9.12)分，得分最高的三个条目分别为感到疲乏(2.64±1.25)分、脱发(2.22±1.38)分和月经周期不规律(2.03±1.2)分；②不同抗肿瘤药物接触频次的护理人员中恶心及呕吐(Z=-3.452，P<0.05)、月经周期不规律(Z=-2.383，P<0.05)和月经经期不规律(Z=-2.648，P<0.05)比较差异有统计学意义；③不同年龄间护理人员健康状况差异有统计学(H=11.166，P<0.05)；④多重线性回归分析结果表明，护理人员健康状况的首要影响因素是抗肿瘤药物暴露职业防护情况(β=0.178)，其次是护龄(β=-0.118)、接触抗肿瘤药物年限(β=0.079)和学历(β=0.076)。结论要加大职业防护设施的配备，重视化疗的潜在职业危害，并针对其影响因素采取必要的措施，提高护理人员的健康状况。

Survey of self-health condition and its influencing factors of nursing staff in tumor related departments in Hainan province

Objective To investigate the health status and its associated factors among nursing staff working at tumor-related departments in the second-grade and above hospitals of Hainan, so as to improve the health status of nurs-ing staff and provide reference for standardization of occupational protection. Methods Taking the uses of anti-tumor drugs and protection requirements of the US Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and related litera-ture as the reference, a questionnaire survey was designed and conducted on 1 200 nurses in oncology related department since November 1, 2015. Results ①The mean self-health status score of nursing staff was (23.27±9.12) points in aver-age, and the three entries scored highest were feel tired (2.64 ± 1.25) points, hair loss (2.22 ± 1.38) points and irregular menstrual cycle (2.03 ± 1.25) points.②There were significant differences among nursing staff with different frequency of contact with anti-tumbling drugs in nausea and vomiting (Z=-3.452,P<0.05), irregular menstrual cycle (Z=-2.383,P<0.05) and irregular menstrual period (Z=-2.648,P<0.05).③There were statistically significant differences between dif-ferent age nursing staff in health status (H=11.166,P<0.05).④The main influencing factors of the health status of nurs-ing staff were occupational exposure and protective status (β=0.178), number of years in nursing (β=-0.118), number of years in contacting anti-tumor drugs (β=0.079) and education background (β=0.076). Conclusion Occupational protec-tive equipment must be improved. Managers should pay attention to the potential hazards of chemotherapy and take nec-essary measures for its influencing factors to improve the health status of nursing staff.