患者健康权视域下医院短缺药品供应保障相关问题及对策研究

目的： 提高医疗机构短缺药品供应保障能力，保障人民群众基本用药需求，维护患者健康权。 方法：基于维护患者健康权的视角探究医疗机构短缺药品供应保障存在的问题，分析原因，提出解决措施。结果与结论：通过梳理医院短缺药品供应保障现状，发现药品短缺现象普遍存在于各类疾病的治疗过程中，与疾病类型无必然关联；药品短缺会对患者、医务人员及医院等药品供应链中的所有利益相关者产生重要影响。造成药品短缺的主要原因包括药品供应链、相关政策、医院药品管理制度、医院药品采购储备、临床使用及药品自身因素。提出的解决对策包括建立与完善短缺药品管理相关制度和清单、 加强采购和储备环节管理、加强使用环节管理、加强临床用药合理性监管等。通过采取以上措施，进一步保证药品安全、有效、公平可及，维护患者的健康权。

Research on Problems and Countermeasures of Hospital Shortage Drug Supply Guarantee from the Perspective of Patients' Right to Health

Objective: To improve the ability of medical institutions to guarantee the supply of drugs in shortage, meet the people''s basic drug demand, and safeguard the patients'' right to health. Methods: Based on the perspective of safeguarding patients'' right to health, explore the problems exist in the supply guarantee of shortage drugs in medical institutions, analyze the causes and put forward solutions. Results and Conclusion: By combing the current situation of shortage drugs supply guarantee in hospitals, it is found that drug shortage generally exists in the treatment of various diseases, which is not necessarily related to the type of disease. Drug shortage will have an important impact on all stakeholders in the drug supply chain, such as patients, medical personnel and hospitals. The main causes of drug shortage include drug supply chain, relevant policies, hospital drug management system, hospital drug procurement and reserve, clinical use and drug factors. The proposed countermeasures includeestablishing and improving the relevant systems and lists of shortage drug management, strengthening the management of procurement and reserve links, the management of use links, the supervision of the rationality of clinical medication, etc. By taking the above measures, we can further ensure the safety, eff ectiveness, fairness and accessibility of drugs and safeguard the patients'' right to health.