武汉市汉阳区居民饮料消费情况分析

目的 了解湖北省武汉市居民饮料消费现状，完善国家食物消费基础数据库，为指导人群合理饮料摄入提供科学依据。方法 采用多阶段分层与人口成比例随机整群抽样方法，选取武汉市汉阳区663人进行问卷调查，饮料消费调查采用食物频率法。结果 被调查的663名居民中，饮料饮用率为68.93%，其中男性饮用率为65.08%，女性为72.41%；女性饮用乳品、植物蛋白饮料、咖啡饮料率分别为47.70%、13.79%、4.31%，高于男性的31.43%、8.89%、0.95%（均P < 0.05）；3岁~组人群乳品、碳酸饮料、果蔬汁饮料饮用率最高，分别为81.03%、40.52%、17.24%（均P < 0.01），18岁~组人群茶饮料、特殊饮料饮用率最高，饮用率分别为37.50%、16.67%（均P < 0.01）；小学及以下人群的乳品、果蔬汁饮料饮用率最高，分别为60.29%、14.71%（均P < 0.05），大专及以上人群的茶饮料、碳酸饮料、咖啡饮料、特殊饮料饮用率最高，分别为36.42%、41.04%、7.51%、16.76%（均P < 0.05）；低收入家庭果蔬汁饮用率最高，为18.18%（χ²=10.60、P < 0.01）。结论 性别、年龄、文化程度、家庭收入，职业会不同程度影响饮料饮用率；应针对重点人群儿童青少年的消费行为采取一定的干预措施。

Beverage consumption among residents in Hanyang district of Wuhan municipality

Objective To examine the status quo of beverage consumption among the residents in Wuhan city and to provide a scientific basis for promoting rational beverage consumption in the population. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 663 citizens from 300 families in Hanyang district of Wuhan city with stratified multi-stage and population proportionate random cluster sampling, and the information on beverage consumption were collected with food frequency method. Results Among the 663 citizens surveyed, the proportion of beverage drinking was 68.93 % (65.08% for the males and 72.41% for the females)and the female citizens had significantly higher proportions for drinking dairy products (47.70% vs.31.43%), plant protein beverage (13.79% vs.8.89%), and coffee beverage (4.31% vs.0.95%)compared to the male citizens (P < 0.01 for all).The citizens aged 3-18 years had the highest proportion of drinking dairy products (81.03%), carbonated beverage (40.52%), and fruit and vegetable juice beverage (17.24%)(P < 0.01 for all)and the proportions of drinking tea beverage (37.50%)and special beverage (16.67%)were the highest in the citizens aged 18-45 years (both P < 0.01)compared to the citizens of other ages.The citizens with the education of primary school or below had significantly higher proportions of drinking dairy products (60.29%)and fruit beverage (14.71%)(both P < 0.05)and those with the education of college or above had significantly higher proportions of drinking tea beverage (36.42%), carbonated beverage (41.04%), coffee beverage(7.51%), and special beverage (16.76%)(P < 0.05 for all).The citizens with lower familial income had the highest proportion of drinking fruit and vegetable juice beverage(18.18%)(P < 0.01). Conclusion Gender, age, education level, family income, and occupation have influences on beverage consumption among urban residents of Wuhan city and children and adolescents are the key populations for interventions on reasonable beverage consumption.