海南省大学生交流恐惧现状

目的 了解海南省大学生交流恐惧现状,为大学生心理健康教育提供参考依据。方法 采用交流恐惧自陈量表(PRCA-24)对海南省516名在校大学生的交流恐惧状况进行问卷调查。结果 海南省大学生高交流恐惧检出率为12.4%,二人交流、参加会议2个分量表的得分分别为(15.26±3.94)、(17.41±3.99)分,均高于常模(P<0.01),当众演讲分量表得分为(17.97±3.72)分,低于常模(P<0.01);男生二人交流分量表的得分为(15.86±4.17)分,明显高于女生的(14.96±3.80)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);海医学生二人交流分量表得分为(15.72±4.13)分,高于海大学生的(14.60±3.57)分,海医学生的量表总分为(66.93±13.58)分,高于海大学生的(64.53±11.43)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年级之间进行比较,在二人交流、小组讨论分量表和总量表上,海医大三年级的学生得分最高,分别为(17.41±4.45)、(17.14±4.61)和(71.86±15.33)分;海大学生各年级得分差异无统计学意义。结论 海南省大学生的交流恐惧状况不容乐观;高校应主动承担起优化校园心理环境、加强学生交往技能训练的责任。

Communication apprehension among college students in Hainan province: a cross-sectional study

Objective To examine the prevalence of communication apprehension among college students in Hainan province and to provide evidences for conducting mental health education in university students.Methods A total of 516 university students were selected from a comprehensive and a medical university in Hainan province with stratified random sampling and surveyed with Personal Report of Communication Apprehension-24 Items(PRCA-24).Results Among the students, the detection rate of high communication apprehension was 12.4%;the scores for dyadic and meeting communication were 15.26±3.94 and 17.41±3.99 and both the scores were significantly higher than those of the norm of college students in United States(both P<0.01).The score for public communication(17.97±3.72) was significantly lower than that of norm of college students in the United States.There was a significant gender difference in dyadic communication, with a higher score in the boys(15.86±4.17) than in the girls(14.96±3.80).The students from medical university had higher scores than those from the comprehensive university for overall communication apprehension(66.93±13.58 vs.64.53±11.43) and dyadic communication (15.72±4.13 vs.14.60±3.57).Compared to those of the students of other grade, the junior students in the medical university had the highest scores in dyadic communication, group communication and overall communication apprehension(17.41±4.45, 17.14±4.61, and 71.86±15.33), but no significant difference in the scores was observed among the students of different grade in the comprehensive university.Conclusion The prevalence of communication apprehension among university students in Hainan province needs to be concerned and initiatives should be taken to improve psychological environment in the campus and to promote training programs on interpersonal communication skills among the students.