中国8城市婴幼儿喂养人咀嚼喂食情况及影响因素

目的 了解中国8城市0~36月龄婴幼儿喂养人咀嚼喂食流行情况,探讨其可能的原因及影响因素。方法 数据来源于2011-2012年中国8城市孕妇、乳母、婴幼儿营养调查,采用多阶段整群抽样方法,在中国北京、上海、广州、成都、苏州、兰州、郑州、沈阳等8个城市纳入2626名0~36月婴幼儿,采用问卷调查方法收集喂养人咀嚼喂食信息及婴幼儿基本情况、家庭信息、喂养信息等。结果 0~36月龄婴幼儿喂养人咀嚼喂食率为16.1%。不同年龄、不同城市婴幼儿喂养人咀嚼喂食情况不同,12~23.9和6~11.9月龄婴幼儿喂养人咀嚼喂食率高,分别为32.15%和28.93%;上海、苏州两地婴幼儿喂养人咀嚼喂食率相对较高,分别为26.10%和22.83%;而成都、北京较低,分别为8.51%和11.20%。母亲文化程度低、喂养人认为婴幼儿体重大、喂养人担心婴幼儿营养状况者咀嚼喂食率高。结论 咀嚼喂食在中国城市婴幼儿中是一种常见的辅食添加行为,年龄、地区、母亲文化程度、喂养人对婴幼儿体重的认知、喂养人是否担心婴幼儿营养状况是咀嚼喂食的影响因素。

Prevalence and related factors of premastication by caregivers of infants and toddlers in 8 cities of China

Objective To examine the prevalence of premastication by caregivers of infants and toddlers in 8 cities of China and to explore possible causes and related factors of permastication.Methods Data were extracted from the study of Maternal and Infant Nutrition Growth, a cross-sectional study carried out using multi-stage cluster sampling method among 2626 infants and toddlers aged 0-36 months in 8 cities(Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Suzhou, Lanzhou, Zhengzhou, and Shenyang) of China.A self-designed questionnaire was applied to caregivers of the infants and toddlers to collect information on premastication by the caregivers and on demography, family and feeding of the infants and toddlers.Results The overall rate of the caregivers' premastication among the infants and toddlers was 16.1% and the rate varied among the infants and toddlers of different age and residential city.Premastication was more frequently reported by the caregivers of the infants and toddlers at ages of 12-23.9 and 6-11.9 months, with the rates of 32.15% and 28.93%, respectively.Higher premastication rates were reported by the caregivers from Shanghai(26.10%) and Suzhou(22.83%), while lower rates were reported by those from Chengdu(8.51%) and Beijing(11.20%).The infants and toddlers with low maternal education, being overweight judged by the caregivers, and with the caregivers' special concern for their nutritional status were more likely to be fed premasticated.Conclusion Premastication is a common complementary food feeding practice among Chinese caregivers of urban infants and toddlers.Age, residential region, and maternal education of the infants and toddlers, cognition towards child's bodyweight and concern for nutritional status of the caregivers are related factors of premastication feeding.