辽宁省乙型肝炎血清流行病学分析

目的 了解辽宁省1~29岁人群乙型肝炎(乙肝)感染现状,评价乙肝疫苗免疫策略的效果。方法 采用分层二阶段整群随机抽样方法抽取辽宁省6个县区1756人为研究对象采集血清,用ELISA进行乙肝3项指标检测。结果 辽宁省1~29岁人群HBsAg阳性率为0.68%,标化阳性率为1.58%;Anti-HBs阳性1035例,阳性率58.94%,标化阳性率为53.41%;Anti-HBc阳性者88例,阳性率为5.01%,标化阳性率为9.60%;男女性3项指标阳性率比较差异均无统计学意义;各年龄组调查人群比较,HBsAg阳性率最高为20~24岁组(3.60%),Anti-HBs阳性率最高为1~4岁组(71.51%),Anti-HBc阳性率最高为25~29岁组(18.64%),HBsAg和Anti-HBc阳性率呈现总体趋势随着年龄增大而升高;是否有疫苗免疫史的人群HBsAg、Anti-HBs和Anti-HBc阳性率比较差异均有统计学意义。结论 辽宁省HBsAg阳性率下降,疫苗接种效果明显。

Seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in Liaoning province

Objective To examine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection among the populations aged 1-29 years in Liaoning province and to evaluate the effect of immunization strategy of hepatitis B vaccine.Methods With multistage cluster random sampling, 1756 residents aged 1-29 years were selected from 6 counties and districts in Liaoning province.The blood samples were collectd among the residents for the detections of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg), antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen(anti-HBs), and antibody to hepatitis B core antigen(anti-HBc) with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results For all the residents surveyed, the positive rates were 0.68%, 58.94%, and 5.01% and the standardized positive rates were 1.58%, 53.41%, and 9.60% for HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc, respectively, and no significant gender differences in the rates were observed.For the residents of different ages, those aged 20-24, 1-4, and 25-29 years had the highest positive rate for HBsAg(3.60%), anti-HBs(71.51%), and anti-HBc(18.64%), respectively.Among the residents, the positive rate of HBsAg and anti-HBc increased generally with the increment of age and there were significant differences in the positive rate of HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc between the residents with and without HBV vaccine inoculation history.Conclusion Since hepatitis B vaccine was included into the Expanded Programme on Immunization, the positive rate of HBsAg declined obviously among the residents aged 1-29 years in Liaoning province.