深圳市宝安区龙华街道中小学学生生长发育状况及其影响因素

目的通过了解深圳市中小学生生长发育与营养状况,为开展学校卫生及中小学生保健工作提供依据。方法 2010年3—7月对龙华街道21 074名学生的身高、体重、视力、龋齿等情况进行检查,并选取深圳市宝安区龙华街道1所私立学校(龙丰学校)和2所公立学校(龙华中学、清湖小学)采用问卷调查的形式对学生家长进行调查。结果公立中小学学生的视力不良的平均比例略高于私立中小学;私立小学学生身高上等、下等学生所占的比例较公立小学学生大;公立学校的学生肥胖比例远高于私立学校,营养不良的比例则明显低于私立学校;学生的生长发育状况与饮食搭配(P0.01)、家长职业(P0.01)、运动情况(P0.01),父母文化程度(P0.01)有显著的关系。结论该区应加强父母的健康知识宣传教育,培养孩子良好的饮食,运动和起居生活习惯,采取有效措施加强学校的卫生保健工作。

Growth and development and its influencing factors of primary and secondary school students in Longhua Subdistrict of Baoan District of Shenzhen City

Objective] To understand the growth and development and nutritional status of primary and secondary school students in Shenzhen City, and provide evidence for carrying out school health and health care of primary and middle school students. Methods]A total of 21 074 students in Longhua Subdistrict were selected for height, weight , vision, dental caries checks from March-July 2010. Meanwhile, a private schools （ Longfeng School ） and 2public schools { Longhua Middle School , Qinghu Prima- ry School } were selected for questionnaire survey on students＇ parents. Results] The average proportion of poor eyesight in public school was higher than that of private school. The proportion of students＇ height of high grade and low grade in private primary school was higher than that in public primary school. The obesity rate in public school was much higher than private school, while the malnutrition rate was on the contrary. The growth and development of students was significantly associated with diet（ P 〈 0.01 }, occupations of parents （ P 〈 0.01）, physical exercise （ P 〈 0.01 ） and parents＇education level （ P 〈 0.01 }. Conclusion ] It is necessary to strengthen parents＇health propaganda and education, to form a good diet , exercise and living habit of children, and to take effective measures to strengthen the school health care.