COPD机械通气患者营养支持研究进展

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的患者由于疾病本身的影响造成营养素的摄入不足、吸收不良及消耗量增加等,易导致机体的营养不良。良好的营养状态对COPD患者的预后有着积极的作用,而合理的营养支持有助于改善患者的营养不良状态。在营养支持过程中,营养支持方式及时机的选择、营养配方的选择以及一些特殊营养物质的添加都会直接影响营养治疗的效果。同时,在进行营养治疗过程中,易出现腹胀、腹泻、胃潴留、返流、吸入性肺炎等常见并发症,这些并发症如何处理也会影响患者的预后。营养支持的监测可以为营养治疗方案的调整提供依据,因此应该如何通过相关生化指标的监测来评估营养支持的效果也是一个重要的问题。作者对这些相关问题作一讨论。

Nutritional support research progress of COPD patients with mechanical ventilation

Due to inadequate nutrient intake,malabsorption and increased consumption caused by Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）,the COPD patients are easy to be malnutrition.Good nutritional status plays positive role in prognosis of COPD patients,and reasonable nutritional support also helps to improve the state of the patient ＇s malnutrition.In the nutrition support process,the choice of nutritional support mode and opportunity,the choice of the nutritional formula,as well as some special nutrients added will directly affect the nutritional treatment effect.Meanwhile,during the nutrition therapy process,bloating,diarrhea,gastric retention,regurgitation,aspiration pneumonia and other common complications are prone to appear and the following treatments will affect the patient＇s prognosis.Monitoring of nutritional support can provide the basis for the adjustment of the nutritional treatment program.Therefore,how to evaluate the effect of nutritional support via monitoring of biochemical markers is an important issue.This article discusses the above issues.