产前健康教育对于提高产妇母婴护理知识和技能的作用

目的评价产前健康教育对于提高产妇母婴护理知识和技能的作用。方法对住院分娩的320例20～40岁的初产妇进行健康宣传教育,在产妇入院时和出院前1日采用自行设计的问卷进行调查,评价健康教育的效果。结果入院时,完全了解产后饮食、产后活动、计划生育、母乳喂养、新生儿护理、预防接种等母婴护理知识的产妇比例分别为30.0%、32.8%、45.3%、30.0%、23.1%和21.3%;接受健康教育以后,完全了解上述母婴护理知识的产妇比例分别增加到70.6%、73.4%、80.0%、72.5%、76.6%和74.4%。同时,能够完全掌握产后护理、新生儿沐浴、脐带护理和母乳喂养方法的产妇比例也分别从24.4%、20.3%、11.9%和26.3%增加到68.1%、61.3%、71.9%和85.0%。结论通过产前健康教育,可以显著提高产妇关于母婴护理的知识水平和技能,有助于优化产科护理服务质量。

Effectiveness of antenatal health education on improving the knowledge and skill about maternal-child nursing

Objective]To evaluate the effectiveness of antenatal health education on improving the knowledge and skill about maternal-child nursing.Methods]320 cases of 20 to 40-year-old primipara who had the hospital delivery were given the health education,they received the investigation with the self-design questionnaire at admission and one day before discharge,and the effect of health education was evaluated.Results]At the time of admission,the proportion of primipara who has fully understood the knowledge about maternal-child nursing of postpartum diet,postpartum exercise,family planning,breastfeeding,newborn care and vaccination was 30.0%,32.8%,45.3%,30.0%,23.1% and 21.3%,respectively.After receiving health education,the proportion of primipara who has fully understood these knowledge increased to 70.6%,73.4%,80.0%,72.5%,76.6% and 74.4%,respectively.Meanwhile,the proportion of primipara who has fully understood the knowledge of postpartum care,newborn bath,umbilical cord care and breastfeeding methods increased from 24.4%,20.3%,11.9% and 26.3% to 68.1%,61.3%,71.9% and 85.0%,respectively.Conclusion]The antenatal health education can significantly improve the knowledge and skill about maternal-child nursing of puerperant,and it is helpful to enhance the nursing quality in obstetrical department.