脊髓髓内胚胎残余组织肿瘤

目的 总结脊髓髓内胚胎残余组织肿瘤的特点、手术治疗及治疗结果.方法 回顾性分析26例经手术和病理证实的脊髓髓内胚胎残余组织肿瘤患者的临床特征、病理类型、影像学特征、手术治疗及治疗结果.26例患者临床表现除神经功能障碍外,7例出现下肢畸形,1例伴有脊柱侧弯,3例有腰骶中线部位皮肤异常改变.肿瘤涉及腰段脊髓(胸腰段+腰段+腰骶段)共21例,占80.8%(21/26).不同病理类型的肿瘤各自有特征性的MRI表现.26例患者均行手术治疗,其中19例行肿瘤次全切除术,5例行肿瘤大部切除术,2例行肿瘤部分切除术.结果 26例患者中25例出院时原有症状均有不同程度的改善.21例患者获随访6～82(30.0±8.2)个月.12例患者原有神经症状、体征完全消失,7例患者生活可自理,1例患者生活需他人照料,1例恶性畸胎瘤患者术后6个月死亡.随访期内无因肿瘤复发再次手术病例.结论 脊髓髓内胚胎残余组织肿瘤患者的临床表现除神经功能障碍外,还可出现下肢、脊柱畸形和腰骶中线部位皮肤异常改变.绝大多数肿瘤累及腰段脊髓,MRI多能明确诊断.常合并其他脊柱、脊髓的异常改变,手术难以将肿瘤全切除,但治疗结果满意.

Intramedullary tumors of embryonal origin

Objective To study the characteristics of intramedullaiy tumors of embryonal origin, surgical treatment and outcome. Methods The data of 26 cases with intramedullary tumors of embryonal origin, including clinical features, pathological types and imaging characters of the tumor, surgical treatment and outcome, were retrospectively summarized. Among the 26 patients, apart from the neurological symptoms, lower-extremity deformities were seen in 7 cases, scoliosis in 1 case, lower midline cutaneous abnormalities in 3 cases. The tumors involving lumber section of the spinal cord (thoracolumbar + lumbar segments + lumbosacral) in 21 cases, account for 80.8% (21/26). The tumor in different kinds had its characteristic MRI appearance. All of the 26 patients underwent surgical treatment. Subtotal resection of the tumor was performed in 19 cases, most partial resection in 5 cases, partial removal in 2 cases. Results Of the 26 patients, 25 patients had improved neurologically when leaving hospital. Twenty-one patients were followed up from 6 to 82 (30.0 ± 8.2) months, 12 patients had a good recovery without any neurological defect, 7 patients could live independently, 1 patient needed care offered by others, 1 patient with malignant teratoma died at 6 months after operation. In the follow-up period, no patient needed the second surgery for recurrent tumor. Conclusions Apart from the neurological symptoms, other abnormalities such as lower-extremity deformities, scoliosis, lower midline cutaneous abnormalities could be appeared in patients with intramedullary tumors of embryonal origin. Most tumors involving lumber section of the spinal cord, could be diagnosed by MRI. Other spinal abnormalities frequently occur with the tumors. It is difficult to remove the tumors totally, while the surgical outcome is satisfactory.