急性胆源性胰腺炎复发的预防方法

目的探讨急性胆源性胰腺炎复发的预防方法。方法回顾性分析1999年1月-2001年7月我院治愈的急性胆源性胰腺炎112例的临床资料。所有患者入院前均无胆源性胰腺炎病史且未行胆囊切除术。根据是否行内镜下Oddi括约肌切开术（endoscopic sphincterotomy，EST）、胆囊切除术，将112例分为保守组45例、EST组22例、胆囊切除组29例、EST联合胆囊切除组16例。比较各组胆源性胰腺炎复发率。结果112例随访16—30个月，平均18．5月。保守组12例胰腺炎复发，复发率为26．7％（12／45）；EST组、EST联合胆囊切除组均无胰腺炎复发；胆囊切除组2例胰腺炎复发，复发率为6．9％（2／29）。与保守治疗组比较，EST、胆囊切除能显著降低胆源性胰腺炎复发率。胆囊切除术后复发的2例行内镜逆行胰胆管造影（endoscopic retrograde cholanginpancreatography，ERCP），均发现有胆总管小结石。结论胆总管结石是胆囊切除术后胰腺炎复发的主要原因。EST、胆囊切除术均能有效预防胆源性胰腺炎复发；EST具有创伤小、恢复快等优点，适合于高龄、一般情况差、不能耐受手术的患者。

On the prevention of the recurrence of acute biliary pancreatitis

Objective To explore clinical methods for preventing the recurrence of biliary pancreatitis.Methods Clinical data of 112 consecutive cases of acute biliary pancreatitis from January 1999 to July 2001 treated in this hospital were analyzed retrospectively.Before admission all the patients had no history of biliary pancreatitis or cholecystectomy.According to whether or not an endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST) or cholecystectomy was given,the patients were divided into 4 groups: Conservative Group(n=45),EST Group(n=22),Cholecystectomy Group(n=29),and Combination Group(n=16).The recurrence rates of pancreatitis of the 4 groups were compared each other.Results The 112 patients were followed for 16~30 months(mean,18.5 months).Recurrence of pancreatitis was found in 12 patients in the Conservative Group(26.7%,12/45) and in 2 patients in the Cholecystectomy Group(6.9%,2/29).No recurrence was seen in the EST Group and the Combination Group.As compared with the Conservative Group,both EST and cholecystectomy significantly decreased the recurrence rate of biliary pancreatitis.The 2 recurrent patients in the Cholecystectomy Group were given an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP),by which small common bile duct calculi were found.Conclusions Common bile duct calculus is the major cause of recurrence of biliary pancreatitis.Both EST and cholecystectomy can decrease the recurrence rate of biliary pancreatitis.EST is suitable for elderly high-risk patients because of its minimal invasion.