339例新生儿败血症分析

目的分析新生儿败血症的临床特点及院内感染的相关因素。方法回顾分析医院近6年中339例新生儿败血症的临床资料、院内感染相关因素、感染菌株及细菌对抗菌药的敏感度。结果新生儿败血症细菌侵入途径与呼吸道、消化道、皮肤和脐部感染有关,使用多种抗生素、早产儿、低出生体重、呼吸机的使用、严重基础疾病（如先天性心脏病）是导致院内感染的危险因素,感染菌株以凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌居多。几种革兰氏阴性杆菌对亚胺培南敏感率最高,革兰氏阳性球菌感染主要为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌,其苯唑西林耐药株的检出率高于80%,未发现对万古霉素的耐药株。结论在医院感染中条件致病菌引起的感染较多,医护人员在进行医疗操作时要加强无菌观念,减少不必要的污染。

Analysis of 339 Cases of Neonatal Septicemia

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of neonatal septicemia, and risk factors for nosocomial infection. Methods The clinical data of 339 neonatal patients with septemia in past six years, including risk factors for nosocomial infection, pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic sensitivity test, were analysed retrospectively. Results The infections of the skin around umbilicus, respiratory tract and digestive tract were the main infective routes. Multiple antibiotics application, premature, low birth weight, mechanical ventilation and congential heart disease were significant risk factors for nosocomial sepsis. Coagulase- negative staphylococcus was the main pathogenic bacterium. Conclusion Opportunic bacteria are the most commonly isolated pathogens for nosocomial infection. The hospital staff should strengthen the aseptic concept and decrease contamination in medical manipulation. Gram- negative organisms are most susceptible to imipenem. Coagulase- negative staphylococcus is the most common gram- positive organism, which is resistant to oxacillin by over 80% of strains but susceptible to vancomycine.