呼吸道感染病原菌及其耐药性分析

目的　了解医院近年呼吸道感染常见病原菌的种类、分布及对 12种抗生素的耐药性。方法　对呼吸道感染患者的痰、咽拭子进行常规细菌培养 ,分离菌株 ,再用微量稀释法测定 398株致病菌 (真菌 15 3株除外 )对 12种抗生素的最低抑菌浓度 (MIC)。结果　 398株分离菌中以G-杆菌为主 ,占 5 8.3% ,真菌占 38.4 % ,G+ 球菌占 3.3%。对临床常用的 12种抗生素 ,抗菌作用最强的是丁胺卡那霉素 ,敏感率 6 9.4 % ;其次是复方新诺明 ,敏感率 2 4 .1% ;抗菌作用最差的是氨苄青霉素 ,敏感率 6 .1%。结论　呼吸道感染主要致病菌为G-杆菌 ,真菌感染的比例呈明显上升趋势 ,抗生素治疗应依据细菌学指导 ,选择敏感药物

Analysis on Pathogenic Bacteria in Respiratory Tract Infection and the Drug Tolerance

Objective To study types and location of the pathogenic bacteria in respiratory tract infection and the drug tolerance to 12 antibiotics.Methods Routine bacterial culture was given to the sputum and throat swab of the patients with respiratory tract infection and strains were separated;MIC of 398 pathogens(not including 153fungi)to 12 antibiotics was detected through microdilution.Results Bacillus G - formed the main proportion of the 398 separated strains,taking up 58.3%,fungi took up 38.4% and Coccus G + took up 3.3%.Among the 12 antibiotics,amikacin was the most antibacterial,the sensitive rate was 69.4%;the next was Compound Sulfamethoxazole with the sensitive rate of 24.1%;aminobenzylpenicillin was the least antibacterial with the sensitive rate of 6.1%.Conclusion Respiratory tract infection was mainly caused by Bacillus G -,and fungus infection shows out an uptrend;treatment with antibiotic should be performed under the guidance of bacteriology so as to select the sensitive drugs.