糖尿病视网膜病变相关危险因素分析

目的 分析糖尿病（DM）发生糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）的危险因素,为DM并发症的预防和治疗提供理论依据。方法 采用多中心大样本的临床横断面研究方法,对630例DM患者的DR的分期与相关因素如病程、体重指数、血糖控制、血脂、血压等进行统计学分析。结果 DR临床前期、非增生期与增生期患者的DM平均病程、HbA1c水平、收缩压差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;DR各期体重指数、空腹及餐后血糖、血脂等指标差异无统计学意义。结论 DM的病程、血糖控制与血压是DR发生的主要危险因素,因此在DM二级预防中要加强降糖、降压等综合治疗。

Analysis of the related risk factors of diabetic retinopathy

Objective Diabetes mellitus(DM)and diabetic retinopathy(DR)are associated with multiple factors.To take some measures against DM is very important for controlling progression of DM and DR.This investigation was to analyze the relevant risk factors of the onset of DR and provide a clinical evidence for prevention and treatment of complications of DM.MethodsA multi-center,large sample,cross-sectional study was curried out.A serial examination outcomes from 603 patients with DM including age,gender,duration of disease,body mass index(BMI),level of blood glucose,serum lipid level and blood pressure were observed.The indexes above mentioned and their relationship with stages of DR were analyzed statistically.ResultsThe patients with proliferation phase of DR showed a longer disease duration in comparison with non-proliferation and preclinical phase of DR(P<0.01).HbA1c level was significantly enhanced in proliferation phase of DR compared with pre-clinical phase and non-proliferation phase(P<0.01).The systolic pressure in the patients with proliferation phase of DR was higher than that of pre-clinical phase of DR(P<0.01).There were no statistically significant differences in BMI,fasting plasma glucose(FPG),postprandial plasma glucose(PPG)and serum lipid among these three groups(P>0.05).ConclusionDuration,level of blood glucose and blood pressure are the major risk factors of development of DR.It is vary important to control blood glucose and blood pressure in the secondary prevention of diabetes mellitus.