中学生与父母性知识沟通状况及影响因素分析

目的了解上海市青少年与父母沟通性相关问题的状况及影响因素，为进一步发挥父母在青少年生殖健康教育中的作用提供科学信息。方法对上海市徐汇区3067名中学生采用自填式问卷进行匿名调查。结果分别约60％和30％的青少年难以与父亲和母亲讨论性相关话题，约70％的青少年从未问过父亲性相关问题或父亲从未主动谈过性的话题。约45％的青少年报告从未问过母亲性相关问题或母亲从未主动谈过性的话题。在亲子沟通的具体内容上，以青春期发育和异性交往为主。与初中生相比。高中生与父母的沟通更困难。母亲与子女的沟通多于父亲。同性别亲子间的沟通较多。父母文化程度越高，与青少年关系越融洽，家庭氛围越好，亲子进行沟通的可能性越高。结论青少年与父母对性相关问题的沟通较少。应加强对青少年和父母的教育，注重提高父母的沟通能力和性教育意识。

Analysis on adolescent - parental communication about sex and its influencing factors among middle school students

Objective To understand the situation of adolescent-parental communication about sex and its influencing factors in Shanghai so as to provide scientific information on how parents involve well in adolescent reproductive health education.Methods 3 067 middle school students in a district of Shanghai were investigated with self-administered questionnaire anonymously.Results About 60% and 30% adolescents felt difficult to communicate about sexual topics with their fathers and mothers respectively.About 70% of the adolescents reported that they never asked their fathers questions about sex or their fathers never talked sex-related issues to them actively,and about 45% of the adolescents reported such situation between them and their mothers.As to the topics they talked,changes in puberty and relationship with opposite sex came to the first.Senior high school students felt more difficult to communicate with their parents than junior high school students.Mothers talked more to their teens than fathers and were more likely to talk to daughters than sons,while fathers were more likely to talk to sons than daughters.Parents with higher education level,better relationship with children and happier environment of family were more likely to communicate about sex with their adolescents.Conclusion The current situation of the adolescent-parental communication about sex was far from the satisfactory.It was necessary to strengthen the education for parents and adolescents,and improving parents'capacity for communication and enforcing their responsibility of sex education should be emphasized.