鲁南地区1999年麻疹暴发的流行病学分析

1999年山东省临沂、枣庄、济宁、泰安市发生麻疹暴发，疫情波及19个县（市、区），历时6个月，累计报告发病1!051例，占全省麻疹病例数的66.10％，罹患率为7.51/10万，死亡1例。经调查，本次麻疹暴发在时间、地理和发病人群关系上具有流行病学意义的联系。发病年龄主要集中在＜15岁（占82.02％）儿童，＜7岁病例占52.61％。麻疹疫苗有效接种率低，造成易感人群的大量积累，是本次暴发的直接原因，而疫情报告不及时，延误了采取应急预防措施，造成了疫情的蔓延。

Epidemiological Analysison Measles Outbreaks in the South of Shandong Province in 1999

Measles epidemic broke out in Linyi, Zaozhuang, Jining, and Taian of the province in 1999 lasting 6 months and attacked 19 counties. The cases of the disease amounted to 1,051 and it accounted for 66.19% of the provincial cases in this year. The reported incidence was 7.51/100,000 with one case died according to the measles surveillance system. The investigation indicated that the measles outbreaks in different prefectures had epidemiological linkage in time, geography and diseased population. The age range of patients were mainly under 15 years old (82.02%) and under 7 years old (62.61%). A lower successful immunization coverage rate that made susceptible persons amounting to a large number was the direct reason for this current epidemic. At the same time, the case report was not in time so that the adoption of emergent measures was postponed and made the disease spread.