小儿麻疹临床流行病学分析

目的　通过对近 5年在我院住院麻疹病例的临床流行病学分析 ,探讨控制与消除小儿麻疹的对策。方法　对 1999年 1月至 2 0 0 3年 12月在我院住院的 10 8例麻疹病儿的临床及流行病学特点分析。结果　麻疹发病率有逐年增加趋势 ,2 0 0 3年病例数为 71例 ,是 2 0 0 2年的 2 7倍。低龄婴儿 (<8个月 )占 2 2 2 % ,流动人口占 11 11% ,有预防接种史占 4 5 37% ,无预防接种史者占 4 4 4 % ,接种史不详者占 10 19% ,无明确麻疹接触史者高达 87 0 4 % ,部分临床表现不典型。结论　要关注低龄婴儿麻疹的发病情况 ,有关部门应尽快研制出适合 <8月龄婴儿的麻疹疫苗 ,对于 >8月龄的患儿和儿童仍须扩大麻疹疫苗的覆盖面。可能存在麻疹病毒变异。要注意亚临床型麻疹的问题。从根本上控制乃至消除麻疹应从儿童开始。

Clinical and epidemiological analysis of measles of children

Objective To investigate effective prevention of measles of children.Methods The investigator analyzed retrospectively the data of 108 measle patients hospitalized from January 1999 to December 2003.Results The incidence of measles showed increasing trend,for example,the incidence of measles in 2003 was 2.7 times that in 2002.The incidence of measles of infants(under 8 months) was 22.2%,the incidence of measles of floating population was 11.11%.It was found that the incidence of measles among the patients with measles vaccination was 45.37%,meanwhile the incidence of measles among the patients without measles vaccination was 44.44%.10.19% of the patients were not sure whether they had measles vaccination or not.87.04% of the cases had not contacted measles patients.Some cases were atypical.Conclusion The in creasing trend of child measles merits attention.